References
Anderson, J.S., Phillips, J.M., and Schriver, C.B., Water contamination by certain heavy metals. Paper presented at the 44th Annual Meeting, Wat. Poll. Control Fed., 1971.
Anonymous, New process detoxifies cyanide wastes. Envir. Sci. Technol.5 (1971) 496–497.
Argo, D.G., and Culp, G.L., Heavy metals revomal in wastewater treatment processes: part I, Water and sewage works, vol. 119, No. 8, pp. 62–65.
Bard, A.J., Chemical Equilibrium. Harper and Row, New York 1966.
Brantner, K.A., and Cichon, E.J., Heavy metals removal: Comparison of alternative precipitation processes. Ind. Waste Proc. 13th Mid. Atlantic Conf., Ann Arbor Science 1981, p. 43–50.
Centec Co., Environmental pollution control alternatives: Economics of wastewater treatment alternative for the electroplating industry. U.S.E.P.A. Report No. 625/5-79-016: 1979.
Chalmers, R.K., Pretreatment of toxic wastes, Water Poll. Control, London 1970, pp. 281–291.
Chemical Abstract, Heavy metal removal from wastewater, Japan Patent 80, 54, 084, 1980, Chemical Abstract93 (1980), 155451.
Cook, M.M., and Lander, J.A., Sodium borohydride controls heavy metal discharge. Pollut Engng13 (1981) No. 12.
Culp, Wesner, and Culp. Water reuses and recycling, vol. 2, Evaluation of treatment technology. US Department of Interior, Office of Water Research and Technology, OWRT/RU-79/2, 1979.
Donnely, R.G., Reverse osmosis treatment of electroplating wastes. Plating61 (1974) 432.
El-Gohary, F. Lasheen, M.R., and Abdel-Shafy, H.I., Trace metal removal from wastewater via chemical treatment, Proc. 1st int: Conf. Management and Control of Heavy Metals in the Environment, London 1979.
Environmental Science and Technology report. Metals focus shifts to cadmium.5 (1971) 754–755.
Federal Register, 1975, vol. 40, No. 248, December 24, p. 59570.
Federal Register, 1981, vol. 46, No. 18, January 28, p. 9469.
Feitknecht, W., and Schindler, P., Solubility constants of metal oxides, metal hydroxides and metal hydroxide salts in aqueous solution. Pure appl. Chem.5 (1962) 130.
Feitknecht, W., and Schindler, P., Pure appl. Chem.6 (1963) 130.
Ferguson, B.B., Hinkle, C., and Wilson, D.J., Foam separation of lead (II) and cadmium (II) from wastewater. Separation Sci.9 (1974) 125.
Gallo, B.R., and Culotta, J.M., Save on plating waste system. Wat. Wastes Engng9 (1972) A18-A19.
Gard, S.M., Snavely, C.A., and Lemon, D.J., Design and operation of a metal wastes treatment plant. Sew. ind. Wastes23 (1959) 1429–1438.
Gurklis, J.A., and Vaeler, L.E., Cadmium plating with environmental restriction, Proc. Workshop on Alternatives for Cadmium Electroplating in Metal Finishing NTIS PB-298 841, p. 104–112, 1979.
Hansen, N.H., and Zabban, W., Design and operation problems of a continuous atumatic plating waste treatment plant at data processing division, IBM, Rochester, Minnesota. Proc. 14th Purdue Industrial Waste Conf. 1959, p. 227–249.
Huang, C.P., and Ostovic, F.B., The removal of Cd (II) from dilute aqueous solutions by activated carbon adsorption. J. envir. Engng Div., ASCE104 (1978) 863–878.
Huang, C.P., and Smith, E.H., Removal of Cd (II) from plating waste by an activated carbon process, Ch. 17, Chemistry in Water Rinse, vol. 2, p. 355–399. Ed. W. J. Cooper. Ann Arbor Science 1981.
Huang, C.P., and Wirth, P.K., Activated carbon for the treatment of cadmium wastewater. Paper presented at the National Conf. Hazardous and Toxic Wastes Management, June, 1980, Newark, N.J.
Huang, C.P., and Wirth, P.K., Treatability of cadmium (II) plating wastewater by aluminosilicate adsorption, p. 87–94. Ind. Waste Proc., 13th Mid. Atlantic Conf., Ann Arbor Science 1981.
Huang, S., and Wilson, D.J., Foam separation of mercury (II) and cadmium (II) from aqueous systems. Separation Sci.11 (1976) 215.
Jenkins, S.H., Knight, D.G., and Humphreys, R.E., The solubility of heavy metal hydroxides in water, sewage and sewage sludge; I. The solubility of some metal hydroxides. Int. Air Water Pollut.8 (1964) 537–556.
Kobayashi, K., Effects of anionic and cationic surfactants on the ion flotation of Cd2+. Bull. chem. Soc. Japan48 (1975) 1745.
Kobayashi, K., Studies of the removal of Cd2+ ions by adsorbing particle flotation, Bull. chem. Soc. Japan48 (1975) 1750.
Kolesar, T.J., The use of atmospheric evaporative towers for recycle and waste elimination. Plating61 (1974) 571.
Kosrrek, L.J., Removal of various toxic heavy metal and cyanide from water by membrane processes, Ch. 12, Chemistry in water reuse, vol. 1, pp. 261–280. Ed. W.J. Cooper, Ann Arbor Science 1981.
Krause, H., Research on the destruction of complexing and chelating agents in radioactive wastes by oxidation. Kernforschungszentrum, Karlsruhe, AEC Accession No. 32047, Rept. No. KFK-287.
Lowe, W., The origin and characteristics of toxic wastes with particular reference to the metals industries. Water Pollut. Control, London (1970) 270–280.
Maruyama, T., Hannah, S.A., and Cohen, J.M., Metal removal by physical and chemical treatment processes. J. Water Poll. Control Fedn47 (1975) 962.
McKee, J.E., and Wolf, H.W., Water Quality Criteria, 2nd ed. California State Water Quality Control Board, Publication No. 3-A, 1963.
Nemerow, N.L., Theories and practices of industrial waste treatment. Addison Wesley, Reading, Mass. 1963.
Olson, J.L., and Eick, R.W., POTW removal credits and revised categorial pretreatment standards, 3rd Conference on Advanced Pollution Control for the Metal finishing Industry, EPA-600/2-81-028, p. 11–15 U.S. EPA Publication, 1981.
Onodera, Y., Removal of heavy metal ion from industrial wastewater. Agency of industrial services and technology, Japan, Kokai549 (1977) 1734, Chem. Abstract87 (1977) 43802 b.
Patterson, J.W., and Minear R.A. Wastewater treatment technology, 2nd ed. National Technical Information Service, PB 216–162, 1973.
Patterson, J.W., Allen, H.E., and Scala, J.J., Carbonate precipitation for heavy metals pollutants. J. Wat. Pollut. Control Fedn49 (1977) 2397–2410.
Patterson, J.W., Guidance for BAT-equivalent control of selected toxic pollutants. Report to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region V, Chicago, Ill, 1981.
Patterson, J.W., Effect of carbonate ion opn precipitation treatment of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc. Proc. 36th industrial waste conference, pp. 579–602. Purdue University, 1981.
Pinkerton, H.L., Waste disposal, inorganic wastes, electroplating engineering handbook, 2nd edn. Ed. A. Kenneth Graham. Reinhold Publ. Co., New York, 1962.
Poon, C.P.C., Removal of copper, nickel, zinc, cadmium, and cyanide from plating wastewater by electroflotation, Proc. 1st Int. Conf. Management Control of Heavy Metals in the Environment, London, 1979.
Roof, E., Electrochemical reactor and associated in-plant changes at Varland metal services. Paper presented at the 3rd EPA/AES pp. 16–22. Conf. on Adv. Pollution Control for the Metal Finishing Industry, 1980.
Schrantz, J., Pan Am. Recycles Vis. Evaporation, Ind. Finishing50 (1974) 30.
Schwitzgebel, M.B.K., Terry, J.C., Sund-Hagelberg, C., and Bhattacharyya, D., Characterization of boliden's sulfide-lime precipitation system. Project Summary, EPA-600/S2-81-081, 1981.
Srivastava, S.K., Studies on the use of inorganic gels in the removal of heavy metals. Water Res.14 (1980) 113–115.
Stubbs, R.L., Cadmium — The metal of benign neglect. Cadmium Association, London 1975.
Sambaugh, R.L., and Melnyk, P.B., Removal of heavy metals via ozonation. J. Water Pollut. Control Fedn50 (1978) 113–121.
U.S. EPA, Control and treatment technology for the metal finishing industry-sulfide precipitation. U.S. EPA Report No. 625/8-80-003, 1980.
Weiner, R.F., Acute problems in effluent treatment. Plating54 (1967) 1354–1356.
Whang, J.S., Young, D., and Pressman, M., Design of soluble sulfide precipitation system for heavy metals removal. pp. 63–71. Ind. Waste Proc., 13th Mid. Atlantic Conf., Ann Arbor Science, 1981.
Wing, R.E., Corn starch compound recovers metals from water. Ind. Wastes Jan./Feb. 1975, 26–27.
Zanitsch, R.H., and Stensel, M.H., Economics of granular activated carbon water and wastewater treatment systems. Carbon Adsorption Handbook, p. 215. Ed. Cheremisinoff et al., Ann Arbor Science, 1978.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Poon, C.P.C. Removal of cadmium from wastewaters. Experientia 40, 127–136 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01963575
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01963575