Skip to main content
Log in

Abstract

Most practical work on AI planning systems during the last fifteen years has been based on Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) decomposition, but until now, there has been very little analytical work on the properties of HTN planners. This paper describes how the complexity of HTN planning varies with various conditions on the task networks, and how it compares to STRIPS-style planning.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. F. Baader, A formal definition for expressive power of knowledge representation languages, in:Proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (Pitman, Stockholm, Sweden, Aug. 1990).

    Google Scholar 

  2. T. Bylander, Complexity results for planning,IJCAI-91 (1991).

  3. D. Chapman, Planning for conjunctive goals,Artificial Intelligence 32 (1987) 333–378.

    Google Scholar 

  4. M. Drummond, Refining and extending the procedural net, in:Proc. IJCAI-85 (1985).

  5. K. Erol, D. Nau and V.S. Subrahmanian, Complexity, decidability and undecidability results for domain-independent planning,Artificial Intelligence (to appear). A more detailed version is available as Tech. Report CS-TR-2797, UMIACS-TR-91-154, SRC-TR-91-96, University of Maryland, College Park, MD (1992).

  6. K. Erol, J. Hendler and D. Nau, Semanties for hierarchical task network planning, Technical Report CS-TR-3239, UMIACS-TR-94-31, Computer Science Dept., University of Maryland (March 1994).

  7. R.E. Fikes and N.J. Nilsson, STRIPS: a new approach to the application of theorem proving to problem solving,Artificial Intelligence 2(3/4) (1971).

  8. Hopcroft and Ullman,Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages and Computation (Addison-Wesley, California, 1979).

    Google Scholar 

  9. S. Kambhampati and J. Hendler, A validation structure based theory of plan modification and reuse,Artificial Intelligence (May 1992).

  10. A.L. Lansky, Localized event-based reasoning for multiagent domains,Computational Intelligence Journal (1988).

  11. E.D. Sacerdoti, The nonlinear nature of plans, in:Proceedings of IJCAI (1975) pp. 206–214.

  12. A. Tate, Generating project networks, in:Proceedings of IJCAI (1977) pp. 888–889.

  13. S.A. Vere, Planning in time: windows and durations for activities and goals,IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence PAMI 5(3) (1983) 246–247.

    Google Scholar 

  14. D. Wilkins,Practical Planning: Extending the Classical AI Planning Paradigm (Morgan-Kaufmann, 1988).

  15. Q. Yang, Formalizing planning knowledge for hierarchical planning,Computational Intelligence 6 (1990) 12–24.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This work was supported in part by NSF Grant NSFD CDR-88003012 to the Institute for Systems Research, and NSF grant IRI9306580 and ONR grant N00014-91-J-1451 to the Computer Science Department.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Erol, K., Hendler, J. & Nau, D.S. Complexity results for HTN planning. Ann Math Artif Intell 18, 69–93 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02136175

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02136175

Keywords

Navigation