Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel method for evaluating the frequency response of shock accelerometers using Davies bar and interferometry. The method adopts elastic wave pulses propagating in a thin circular bar for the generation of high accelerations. The accelerometer to be examined is attached to one end of the bar and experiences high accelerations of the order of 103∼105 m/s2. A laser interferometer system is newly designed for the absolute measurement of the bar end motion. It can measure the motion of a diffuse surface specimen at a speed of 10−3 ∼100 m/s. Uncertainty of the velocity measurement is estimated to be±6×10−4 m/s, proving a high potential for use in the primary calibration of shock accelerometers. Frequency characteristics of the accelerometer are determined by comparing the accelerometer's output with velocity data of the interferometry in the frequency domain. Two piezoelectric-type accelerometers are tested in the experiment, and their frequency characteristics are obtained over a wide frequency range up to several ten kilohertz. It is also shown that the results obtained using strain gages are consistent with those by this new method.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Umeda, A., “Present State of Dynamic Force/acceleration Measurement in Japanese industries,” Proc. 34th Annual Tech. Meeting, IES, 237–241 (1988).
ISO/DIS 5347, “Methods for the Calibration of Vibration and Shock pick-ups,” Part 1: “Primary Vibration Calibration by Laser Interferometry” (1987).
Robinson, D.C., Serbyn, M.R. and Payne, B.F., “A Description of NBS Calibration Services in Mechanical Vibration and Shock,” NBS Tech. Note 1232 (1987).
Shock and Vibration Handbook, ed. C.M. Harris and C.E. Crede, Part 18, McGraw-Hill (1961).
ISO/DIS 5347, “Methods for the Calibration of Vibration and Shock Pick-ups,” Part 2: “Primary Shock Calibration by Light cutting” (1987).
ISO/DIS 5347, “Methods for the Calibration of Vibration and Shock Pick-ups,” Part 4: “Secondary Shock Calibration” (1987).
Umeda, A. andUeda, K., “Study on the Dynamic Force/acceleration Measurements,”Sensors and Actuators,A21,285–288 (1990).
Umeda, A. and Ueda, K., “Method and Apparatus for Measuring Dynamic Response Characteristics of Shock Accelerometer,” U.S. Patent, 494, 396 (1990).
Ueda, K. andUmeda, A., “Characterization of Shock Acceleraometers Using Davies Bar and Strain gages,”Experimental Mechanics,33 (3),228–233 (1993).
Umeda, A. and Ueda, K., “Characterization of Strain Gage Dynamic Response Using Davies' Bar and Laser Interferometry,” Proc. VII Int. Cong. on Exp. Mech., 837–842 (1992).
Kolsky, H., Stress Waves in Solids, Clarendon Press (1953).
Davies, R.M., “A Critical Study of the Hopkinson Pressure Bar,”Phil. Trans. A,240,375–457 (1948).
Tanaka, K., Kurokawa, T. and Ueda, K., “Plastic Stress Wave Propagation in a Circular Bar Induced by a Longitudinal Impact,” Macro- and Micro-mechanics of High Velocity Deformation and Fracture, ed. K. Kawata and J. Shioiri. IUTAM Symp. on MMMHVDF, Springer-Verlag, 317–326 (1987).
Reibold, R. andMolkenstruck, W., “Laser Interferometric Measurement and Computerized Evaluation of Ultrasonic Displacements,”Acustica,49,205–211 (1981).
Barker, L.M., “Velocity Interferometry for Time-resolved High-velocity Measurements,” Proc. on High-Speed Photography, Videography and Photonics, Soc. Photo Opt. Instr. Eng.,427,116–126 (1983).
McMillan, C.F., et al., “Velocimetry of Fast Surfaces Using Fabry-Perot Interferometry,”Rev. Sci. Instr.,51,1–20 (1988).
Savitzky, A. andGolay, M.J.E., “Smoothing and Differentiation of Data by Simplified Least Squares Procedures,”Anal. Chem.,36 (1),1627–1639 (1964).
Tanimura, S., “A New Method for Measuring Impulsive Force at Contact Parts,”Experimental Mechanics,24 (4),271–276 (1984).
Bobroff, N., “Recent Advances in Displacement Measuring Interferometry,”Meas. Sci. Tech.,4,907–926 (1993).
Licht, T.R., private communication (1990).
Umeda, A. and Ueda, K., “Characterization of AE-transducers Using Davies' Bar and Laser Interferometry,” Progress in Acoustic Emission, Proc. 11th Int. AE Symp., 281–288 (1992).
Umeda, A. and Ueda, K., “Characterization of Accelerometers in the Range Where the Vibration Method is not Effective”, Proc. XIII IMEKO World Cong., 1881–1886 (1994).
Ueda, K. and Umeda, A., “Dynamic Characteristics of Impact Hammers Measured by Using Laser Interferometry,” Proc. 10th Int. Conf. on Exp. Mech., 619–623 (1994).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ueda, K., Umeda, A. Characterization of shock accelerometers using Davies bar and laser interferometer. Experimental Mechanics 35, 216–223 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02319661
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02319661