Résumé
Dans ce travail, nous poursuivons l'étude de la décidabilité de la hiérarchie de concaténation dite “dot-depth”. Nous donnons une borne inférieure effective de la dot-depth d'un monoïde apériodique. Notre outil principal pour ce résultat est l'étude d'une certaine opération sur les variétés de monoïdes finis en termes de produit de Mal'cev. Nous prouvons aussi l'égalité de deux variétés décidables, dont on sait qu'elles continennent tous les monoïdes de dot-depth deux. Enfin, nous restreitgnant aux monoïdes inversifs, nous, montrons que la classe des monoïdes inversifs de dot-depth deux est localement finie.
Abstract
In this paper we pursue the study of the decidability of the dot-depth hierarchy. We give an effective lower bound for the dotdepth of an aperiodic monoid. The main tool for this is the study of a certain operation on varieties of finite monoids in terms of Mal'cev product. We also prove the equality of two decidable varieties which were known to contain all dot-depth two monoids. Finally, we restrict our attention to inverse monoids, and we prove that the class of inverse dot-depth two monoids is locally finite.
References
Barrington, D. and D. Thérien,Finite monoids and the fine structure of NC 1, J. Assoc. Comp. Math.35 (1988), 941–952.
Brown, T.C.,An interesting combinatorial method in the theory of locally finite semigroups, Pacific J. Math.36 (1971), 285–289.
Brzozowski, J. and R. Cohen,Dot-depth of star-free events, J. Comput. System Sci.5 (1971), 1–16.
Brzozowski, J. and F. Fich,On generalized locally testable semigroups, Discrete Math.50 (1984), 153–169.
Brzozowski, J. and R. Knast,The dot-depth hierarchy of star-free events is infinite, J. Comput. System Sci.16 (1978), 37–55.
Champarnaud, J.-M. and G. Hansel, AUTOMATE,a computing package for automata and finite semigroups, J. Symbolic Comput.12 (1991), 197–220.
Eilenberg, S., “Automata, Languages and Machines,” vol. B, Academic Press, New York, 1976.
Fich, F. and J. Brzozowski,A characterization of a dot-depth two analogue of generalized definite languages, in “Proc. 6th ICALP,” Lect. Notes in Comp. Sci.71, Springer (1979), 230–244.
Howie, J., “An introduction to semigroup theory,” Academic Press, London, 1976.
Kleene, S.C.,Representation of events in nerve nets and finite automata, in “Automata Studies” (Shannon and McCarthy eds.), Princeton University Press, Princeton (1954), 3–51.
Knast, R.,A semigroup characterization of dot-depth one languages, RAIRO Inform. Theor.17 (1983), 321–330.
Lallement, G., “Semigroups and Combinatorial Applications,” Wiley, New York, 1979.
Perrin, D.,Finite automata, in “Handbook of Theoretical Computer Science,” vol. B (J. v. Leeuwen ed.), Elsevier, Amsterdam (1990), 1–58.
Petrich, M., “Inverse semigroups,” Academic Press, New York, 1984.
Pin, J.-E., “Variétés de langages et variétés de semigroupes,” Thèse d'état, Université Paris-6, 1981.
Pin, J.-E.,Concatenation hierarchies, decidability results and problems, in “Combinatorics on words, progress and perspectives” (L.J. Cummings ed.), Academic Press (1983), 195–228.
Pin, J.-E.,Propriétés syntactiques du produit non ambigu, in “Proc. 7th ICALP,” Lect. Notes in Comp. Sci.85, Springer (1980), 483–499.
Pin, J.-E., “Variétés de langages formels,” Masson, Paris, 1984. English translation: “Varieties of formal languages,” Plenum, New York, 1986.
Pin, J.-E.,A property of the Schützenberger product, Semigroup Forum35 (1987), 53–62.
Pin, J.-E. and H. Straubing,Monoids of upper-triangular matrices, in “Colloquia Mathematica Societatis Janos Bolyai,” Szeged (1981), 259–271.
Pin, J.-E., H. Straubing and D. Thérien,Locally trivial categories and unambiguous concatenation, J. Pure Applied Alg.52 (1988), 297–311.
Rhodes, J. and B. Tilson,The kernel of monoid morphisms, J. Pure Applied Alg.62 (1989), 227–268.
Schützenberger, M.-P.,On finite monoids having only trivial subgroups, Inform. Control8 (1965), 190–194.
Schützenberger, M.-P.,Sur le produit de concaténation non ambigu, Semigroup Forum13 (1976), 47–75.
Simon, I.,Piecewise testable events, in “Proc. 2nd G.I. Conf.,” Lect. Notes in Comp. Sci.33, Springer (1975), 214–222.
Straubing, H.,A generalization of the Schützenberger product of finite monoids, Theoret. Comp. Sci.13 (1981), 137–150.
Straubing, H.,Finite semigroup varieties of the form V *D, J. Pure Applied Alg.36 (1985), 53–94.
Straubing, H.,Semigroups and languages of dot-depth two, Theoret. Comp. Sci.58 (1988), 361–378.
Straubing, H. and P. Weil,On a conjecture concerning dot-depth two languages, to appear in Theoret. Comp. Sci.
Thomas, W.,Classifying regular events in symbolic logic, J. Comput. System Sci.25 (1982), 360–376.
Tilson, B., Chapters XI and XII and [7].
Tilson, B.,Categories as algebras: an essential ingredient in the theory of finite monoids, J. Pure Applied Alg.48 (1987), 83–198.
Weil, P., “Inverse monoids and the dot-depth hierarchy,” Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 1988.
Weil, P.,Inverse monoids of dot-depth two, Theoret. Comp. Sci.66 (1989), 233–245.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by Jean-Eric Pin
Partial support form the following is gratefully acknowledged: PRC “Mathématiques et Informatique”, ESPRIT-BRA project 3166 “ASMICS”, NSF grant DMS-8702019.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Weil, P. Some results on the dot-depth hierarchy. Semigroup Forum 46, 352–370 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02573578
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02573578