Abstract
An understanding of the behavior of the fire plume and fire-induced flow near the ceiling of a room is necessary if one is to optimize detector response time and placement.
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Abbreviations
- H :
-
Ceiling height above burning fuel (ft)
- h :
-
Heat transfer coefficient (Btu ft−-2 min−-1 ° F−-1)
- Q :
-
Heat release rate (intensity) of fire (Btu min−-1)
- Q min :
-
Smallest detectable heat release rate (Btu min−-1)
- q :
-
Heat transfer rate to detectors (Btu min−-1)
- r :
-
Radial distance from fire axis to detector (ft)
- S :
-
Detector spacing (ft)
- T :
-
Gas temperature (° F)
- T L :
-
Fixed temperature rating (° F)
- t :
-
Response time of detector
- V :
-
Gas velocity (ft sec−-1)
- Y :
-
Vertical distance from ceiling to sensing element of detector (ft)
- max :
-
Maximum value at any one radial position
- o :
-
Standard test condition
- p :
-
Fire plume
- rm :
-
Ambient condition
References
Alpert, R. L., “Fire Induced Turbulent Ceiling-Jet,” FMRC Technical Report 19722-2,” Factory Mutual Research Corporation (1971).
Morton, R. B., Tayler, G. I., and Turner, J. S.,Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series A, No. 236 (1956), pp. 1–23.
Alpert, R. L., “The Ceiling-Jet Induced by Large-Scale Fires,” FMRC Technical Report 19722-4,” under preparation for 1972 Winter Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
Rohsenow, W. M. and Choi, H.,Heat, Mass, and Momentum Transfer, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J. (1961), pp. 148, 200, 413.
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Alpert, R.L. Calculation of response time of ceiling-mounted fire detectors. Fire Technol 8, 181–195 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02590543
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02590543