Abstract
Analytical electron microscopy was used to study the precipitates in internally oxidized low Si-Al steels, of the type used for electric motor laminations. After oxidizing heat treatments of one and five hours at 788 °C, the internally precipitated particles were about 0.1 to 0.2 μm in diameter. At the internal-oxidation reaction front, thin plates of Al2O3 precipitated. Subsequently, a shell of SiO2 precipitated on the Al2O3 core. Depth of internal oxidation was predicted from the knowledge of precipitate composition, treatment time and temperature, and published information.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
G. P. Huffman and E. B. Stanley:J. Appl. Phys., 1979, vol. 50, pp. 2363–65.
A. L. Geiger:J. Appl. Phys., 1979, vol. 50, pp. 2366–68.
G. Lyudkovsky, A. G. Preban, and J. M. Shapiro:J. Appl. Phys., 1982, vol. 53, pp. 2419–21.
R. A. Rapp:Corrosion, 1965, vol. 21, pp. 382–401.
J. H. Swisher:Oxidation of Metals and Alloys, ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1971, pp. 235–67.
J. L. Meijering:Advances in Materials Research, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY, 1971, pp. 1–81.
J. Takada, K. Kashiwagi, and M. Adachi:J. Matls. Sci., 1984, vol. 19, pp. 3451–58.
J. Takada and M. Adachi:J. Matls. Sci., 1986, vol. 21, pp. 2133–37.
W. L. Block and N. Jayaraman:Matl. Sci. and Tech., 1986, vol. 2, pp. 22–27.
A. Zidek and Z. Huliciova:Hutnicke Listy, 1972, vol. 27, pp. 424–28.
J. Takada, S. Yamamoto, S. Kikuchi, and M. Adachi:Oxidation of Metals, 1986, vol. 25, pp. 93–105.
J. Takada, S. Yamamoto, S. Kikuchi, and M. Adachi:Metall. Trans. A, 1986, vol. 17A, pp. 221–29.
M. T. Hepworth, R. P. Smith, and E. T. Turkdogan:Trans. TMSAIME, 1966, vol. 236, pp. 1278–82.
J. H. Swisher and E. T. Turkdogan:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1967, vol. 239, pp. 426–31.
S. A. Bradford:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1964, vol. 230, pp. 1400–05.
R. Kiessling and N. Lange:Non-Metallic Inclusion in Steel, MSP 194, The Metals Society, London, 1978, Part I.
M. Tinker and P. A. Lebon:Oxidation of Metals, 1982, vol. 18, pp. 27–40.
R. C. Gifkins:J. Aust. Inst. Met., 1976, vol. 21, pp. 175–77.
G. Cliff and G. W. Lorimer:J. Micros., 1975, vol. 103, pp. 203–11.
G. Cliff, D. M. Maher, and D. C. Joy:J. Micros., 1984, vol. 136, pp. 219–25.
L. W. Hobbs and M. R. Pascucci:Journal de Physique, Colloque C6, 1980, vol. 41, pp. 237–42.
M. R. Pascucci, J. L. Hutchinson, and L. W. Hobbs:Radiation Effects, Gordon and Breach, 1983, pp. 219–26.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Michael, J.R., Stephenson, E.T. Analytical electron microscopy of internally oxidized low Si-Al steel. Metall Trans A 19, 953–959 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02628380
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02628380