Abstract
Mechanical and thermal-mechanical treatments of 304 stainless steel enables yield strengths of over 200,000 psi to be obtained with elongations better than 10 pct. Electron microscopy, X-ray, and magnetic techniques show that during deformation, strain induced γ → ∈ → α transformation occurs with further thermal nucleation of α achieved by aging up to 400°C. The yield strength is linearly proportional to the amount of ° irrespective of the treatment used to form α. The yield strength is given by αy = 225f + 48.65 ksi, where ƒ is the volume fraction of martensite. Softening occurs by aging at 500°C and above due to a decrease in percent α which may occur by renucleation of γ. The system is an unusual form of composite strengthening; hard martensite particles are formed within the austenite, and the percent α (and thereby the mechanical properties), can be controlled by the mechanical/thermal-mechanical processing.
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Formerly with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Calif.
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Mangonon, P.L., Thomas, G. Structure and properties of thermal-mechanically treated 304 stainless steel. Metall Trans 1, 1587–1594 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02642004
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02642004