Abstract
Tensile and compressive stress-strain curves were obtained for several types of microstructures in a variety of steels. The strength-differential effect, previously found in martensitic structures, was present in lower, intermediate, and upper bainite and in Widmanstätten ferritepearlite as well as in ultrafine-grained martensite. An equiaxed ferrite-pear lite structure showed no strength differential. The strength differential in martensite increased as test temperature was decreased below room temperature. In several series of tests, the same specimen design was used in tension and in compression to eliminate possible strength variations due to variations in specimen preparation. Several theories which have been proposed for the strength-differential effect are discussed with respect to the present results, and it is shown that most of the previous suggestions are invalid.
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Formerly with E. C. Bain Laboratory for Fundamental Research, United States Steel Corporation.
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Rauch, G.C., Leslie, W.C. The extent and nature of the strength-differential effect in steels. Metall Trans 3, 377–389 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02642041
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02642041