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Crack and cavity nucleation at interfaces during creep

  • Symposium on The Role of Trace Elements and Interfaces in Creep Failure
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Abstract

Athermal nucleation of microcracks and thermal nucleation of cavities during creep deformation are reviewed with an emphasis on effects of solute segregation to grain boundaries and cavity surfaces. The magnitude and the duration of stress concentration at a triple grain junction or at a grain boundary inclusion are estimated for transient Coble creep and steady state power-law creep conditions. Stable configurations of wedge-type microcracks are predicted by a Griffith-like crack model. The rate for thermal nucleation of cavities is obtained by the Fokker-Planck equation for vacancy clusters. Cracks and cavities are interdependent, and cavity nucleation occurs continuously throughout the three creep stages. The local stress concentration enhances microcrack and cavity nucleation. The cavity nucleation rate is generally increased as a result of solute segregation to the surfaces and interfaces and/or gas precipitation into cavity volume. This enhanced nucleation is more effective in a system with mobile solutes than with immobile solutes. Immobile solute or trace elements may affect the nucleation rate also by changing the grain boundary diffusivity. Experimental techniques for quantitative analyses of cavity nucleation processes are discussed.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37830, Oak Ridge, TN

    M. H. Yoo (Member, Research Staff)

  2. Kernforschungsanlage, Jülich, West Germany

    H. Trinkaus (Member, Research Staff)

Authors
  1. M. H. Yoo
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  2. H. Trinkaus
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Additional information

This paper is based on a presentation made at the symposium “The Role of Trace Elements and Interfaces in Creep Failure” held at the annual meeting of The Metallurgical Society of AIME, Dallas, Texas, February 14-18, 1982, under the sponsorship of The Mechanical Metallurgy Committee of TMS-AIME.

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Yoo, M.H., Trinkaus, H. Crack and cavity nucleation at interfaces during creep. Metall Trans A 14, 547–561 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02643772

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