Skip to main content
Log in

Thermodynamic Assessment and Calculation of the Ti-Al System

  • Alloy Phases
  • Published:
Metallurgical Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A thermodynamic description of the Ti-Al system has been developed. Three different analytical descriptions were used to describe the three different types of phases occurring in the Ti-Al system: the stoichiometric compounds, the disordered solution phases, and the ordered inter-metallic compounds which have homogeneity ranges. A least-squares technique was used to optimize the thermodynamic quantities of the analytical description using experimental data available in the literature. The calculated phase diagram, as well as the thermodynamic func-tions, agree well with the critically evaluated experimental data from the literature.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. C. Wagner and W. Schottky:Z. Phys. Chem., vol. B11, pp. 163-210.

  2. W.L. Fink, K.R. Van Horn, and P.M. Budge:Trans. AIME, 1931, vol. 93, pp. 421–39.

    Google Scholar 

  3. W.L. Bragg and E.J. Williams:Proc. R. Soc. A, 1934, vol. 145, pp. 699–730.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. W.L. Bragg and E.J. Williams:Proc. R. Soc. A, 1935, vol. 151, pp. 540–66.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. H.R. Ogden, D.J. Maykuth, W.L. Finlay, and R.J. Jaffee:Trans. AIME, 1951, vol. 191, pp. 1150–55.

    Google Scholar 

  6. E.S. Bumps, H.D. Kessler, and M. Hansen:Trans. AIME, 1952, vol. 194, pp. 609–14.

    Google Scholar 

  7. O. Kubaschewski and W.A. Dench:Acta Metall., 1955, vol. 3, pp. 339–46.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. I.I. Kornilov, E.N. Pylaeva, and M.A. Volkova:Izvest. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Otd. Khim. Nauk, 1956, vol. 7, pp. 771–80.

    Google Scholar 

  9. O. Kubaschewski and G. Heymer:Trans. Faraday Soc, 1960, vol. 56, pp. 473–78.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. E. Ence and H. Margolin:Trans. AIME, 1961, vol. 221, pp. 151–57.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Raman and K. Schubert:Z. Metallkd., 1965, vol. 56, pp. 44–52.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. M.J. Blackburn:Trans. AIME, 1967, vol. 239, pp. 1200–08.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. O. Kubaschewski, E.LI. Evans, and C.B. Alcock:Metallurgical Thermochemistry, 4th ed., Pergaraon Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  14. M.J. Blackburn:Sci. Tech. Appl. Titanium, Proc. Int. Conf., R.J. Jaffee and N.E. Promisel, eds., Pergamon Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1970, pp. 633–43.

    Google Scholar 

  15. M. Hoch and R.J. Usell, Jr.:Metall. Trans., 1971, vol. 2, pp.2627–32.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. V.V. Samokhval, P.A. Poleshchuk, and A.A. Vecher:Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1971, vol. 45, pp. 1174–76.

    Google Scholar 

  17. F.J.J. van Loo and G.D. Rieck:Acta Metall., 1973, vol. 21, pp. 73–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. L. Kaufman and H. Nesor:Titanium Sci. Tech., Vol. 2, Proc. Int. Conf., R.I. Jaffee and H.M. Burte, eds., Plenum Press, New- York, NY, 1973, pp. 773–800.

    Google Scholar 

  19. J. Cisse, H.W. Kerr, and G.F. Boiling:Metall. Trans., 1974, vol. 5, pp. 633–41.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Yu.O. Esin, N.P. Bobrov, M.S. Petrushevskii, and P.V. Gel'd:Russ. Metall., 1974, no. 5, pp. 86-89.

  21. M. Heckler:Aluminium, 1974, vol. 50 (6), pp. 405–07.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Yu.O. Esin, N.P. Bobrov, M.S. Petrushevskii, and P.V. Gel'd:High Temp., 1975, vol. 13(1), pp. 70–74.

    Google Scholar 

  23. R.G. Baggerly:Advances in X-Ray Analysis, 1977, vol. 18, pp. 502–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. H.L. Lukas, E.-Th. Henig, and B. Zimmermann:CALPHAD, 1977, vol. 1, pp. 225–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. L. Kaufman and H. Nesor:CALPHAD, 1978, vol. 4, pp. 325–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. K. Shibata, T. Sato, and G. Ohira:J. Cryst. Growth, 1978, vol. 44, pp. 435–45.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. J.W. Cahn and R. Kikuchi:Acta Metall., 1979, vol. 27, pp. 1329–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. E.W. Collings:Metall. Trans. A, 1979, vol. 10A, pp. 463–74.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. K. Ouchi, Y. Iijima, and K. Hirano:Titanium '80, Sci. Tech., Vol. 1, Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Titanium, H. Kimura and O. Izumi, eds., TMS-AIME, Warrendale, PA, 1980, pp. 559–68.

    Google Scholar 

  30. B. Sundman and J. Ågren:J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 1981, vol. 42, pp. 297–301.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. H.L. Lukas, J. Weiss, and E.-Th Henig:CALPHAD, 1982, vol. 6, pp. 229–51.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. A. Abdel-Hamid, C.H. Allibert, and F. Durand:Z. Metallkd., 1984, vol. 75, pp. 455–58.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. R.D. Shull, A.J. McAlister, and R.C. Reno:Titanium Sci. Tech., Vol. 3, Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Titanium, G. Luetjering, U. Zwicker, and W. Bunk, eds., Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Metallkunde, Oberursel, Germany, 1985, pp. 1459–66.

    Google Scholar 

  34. K.-C. Hsieh, T. Jewett, Y.A. Chang, and J.H. Perepezko: The First Annual URI Report, supported by DARPA through ONR Contract No. 0014-86-K-0753, Sept. 1987.

  35. J.L. Murray:Phase Diagrams of Binary Titanium Alloys, ASM INTERNATIONAL, Metals Park, OH, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  36. J.P. Gros, B. Sundman, and I. Ansara:Scripta Metall., 1988, vol. 22, pp. 1587–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. S.A. Jones, R.D. Shull, A.J. McAlister, and M.J. Kaufman:Scripta Metall., 1988, vol. 22, pp. 1235–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. J.-C. Lin, T. Jewett, J.C. Mishurda, Y.A. Chang, and J.H. Perepezko: Second Annual Report, supported by DARPA through ONR Contract No. 0014-86-K-0753, Sept. 1988.

  39. J.L. Murray:Metall. Trans. A, 1988, vol. 19A, pp. 243–47.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. R.M. Waterstrat: NISTIR 88-3856, United States Department of Commerce, 1988.

  41. A.T. Dinsdale: NPL Report DMA(A)195, Teddington, United Kingdom, Sept. 1989.

  42. S.C. Huang and P.A. Siemers:Metall. Trans. A, 1989, vol. 20A, pp. 1899–1906.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. K. Kaltenbach, S. Gama, D.G. Pinatti, and K. Schulze:Z. Metallkd., 1989, vol. 80, pp. 511–14.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. C. McCullough, J.J. Valencia, C.G. Levi, and R. Mehrabian:Acta Metall., 1989, vol. 37, pp. 1321–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. J.Y. Huh, J.M. Howe, and W.C. Johnson:Scripta Metall. Mater., 1990, vol. 24, pp. 2007–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. J.C. Mishurda and J.H. Perepezko:Microstructure-Property Relationships in Titanium Aluminides and Alloys, Conf. Proc, Y.W. Kim and R.R. Boyer, eds., TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1991, pp. 3–30.

    Google Scholar 

  47. J.C. Schuster and H. Ipser:Z. Metallkd., 1990, vol. 81, pp. 389–96.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. R.D. Shull and J.P. Cline:High Temp. Sci., 1990, vol. 26, pp. 95–117.

    Google Scholar 

  49. C. McCullough: University of California at Santa Barbara, private communication, 1991.

  50. U.R. Kattner: NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, unpublished research, 1989.

  51. J.C. Mishurda and J.H. Perepezko: University of Wisconsin- Madison, in press.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Formerly with the University of Wisconsin-Madison

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kattner, U.R., Lin, J.C. & Chang, Y.A. Thermodynamic Assessment and Calculation of the Ti-Al System. Metall Trans A 23, 2081–2090 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646001

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646001

Keywords

Navigation