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Calculation of the Ti(C y N1−y )−Ti4C2S2−MnS-austenite equilibrium in Ti-bearing steels

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Abstract

A thermodynamic model is presented for the equilibria among various precipitates (Ti(C y N1−y ), Ti4C2S2, and MnS) and austenite containing six alloying elements (C, Mn, N, S, Si, and Ti). This model is applied to four microalloyed steels with Ti levels of 0.05, 0.11, 0.18, and 0.25 pct. The calculations show that the Ti in these steels cannot be completely dissolved over the austenite temperature range. However, the compositions of the undissolved Ti carbonitrides differ significantly from pure TiN, as 10 to 40 pct of the nitrogen is replaced by carbon. An expression for the Gibbs energy for the formation of Ti4C2S2 in austenite is estimated. The present predictions are compared with those of the Hudd, Jones, and Kale (HJK) model; considerable differences are observed at temperatures below 1250°C.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical Engineering, McGill University, 3450 University Street, H3A 2A7, Montreal, PQ, Canada

    W. J. Liu (Research Associate) & J. J. Jonas (CSIRA/NSERC Professor of Steel Processing)

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  1. W. J. Liu
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  2. J. J. Jonas
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Liu, W.J., Jonas, J.J. Calculation of the Ti(C y N1−y )−Ti4C2S2−MnS-austenite equilibrium in Ti-bearing steels. Metall Trans A 20, 1361–1374 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02665494

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