Neonatal jaundice in very low birth weight babies

Abstract

Very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates born between January 1995 to December 1998, who survived for >2 days, were studied for the incidence, causes and interventions required for neonatal jaundice. Significant neonatal jaundice was defined as the total serum bilirubin (TSB) level beyond which baby required intervention (phototherapy and/or exchange transfusion) for neonatal jaundice. The incidence of significant neonatal jaundice (NNJ) was 76.6% and 37.3% required exchange transfusion. It was 82.9% at gestational age ≤28 weeks reduced whereas to 56.9% at gestational age of 35—36 weeks. The incidence was 75.3%, 78.5% and 76.7% in the birth weight group of 750—799 grams, 1000—1249 grams and 1250—1499 grams respectively. Glucose 6 phosphatase dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency (12.1%) was the commonest cause of jaundice. There is a need for evaluation of prophylactic therapies that enhances liver function or decreases production of bilirubin, which would prevent the rise of TSB to dangerous levels and thus would decrease the need for exchange transfusions.