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A case for colour

Случай цветных частиц

  • Published:
Il Nuovo Cimento A (1971-1996)

Summary

A possible explanation of the ψ-particles is presented in the context of Han-Nambu colour theory. The strong group is taken to beSU 3′×SU 3″ and it is proposed that there are vector mesons in the (1, 1), (8, 1), (1, 8) and (8, 8) representations. It is assumed that bothSU 3 subgroups break toSU 2×U 1, which implies a fourth ψ-particle coupled directly to the photon. A provisional parametrization on the basis of Okubo-type mass formulae suggests a mass for this particle about 4.8 GeV/c2. The theory also predicts charged coloured vector mesons ρ /+,− C,D with the same mass as ψ(3.1) and ψ(3.7) and coloured mesons K /*+,−,0 C,D with masses approximately 3.9 GeV/c2 and 4.5 GeV/c2. Coloured pseudoscalar mesons π C,D have decay properties similar toρ C,D. They do not couple directly to the photon but are accessible from ψ1,2 by radiative transitions and provide a possible explanation of the new state at 3.5 GeV/c2. We also develop in this framework a renormalizable theory of weak and electromagnetic interactions with hadronic currents with the necessary group-theoretic and observed hypercharge-changing properties. These requirements together with « universality » are sufficient to determine the theory almost uniquely. Its implications for coloured particles are examined and it is shown that the only long-lived coloured vector mesons is K /*+ C (orρ /+ C in the alternative version) with mean life about 10−13 s.

Riassunto

Si presenta una possibile spiegazione delle particelle ψ nel contesto della teoria del colore di Han-Nambu. Si suppone che il gruppo forte siaSU 3′ ×SU 3″ e si propone che ci siano mesoni vettoriali nelle rappresentazioni (1, 1), (8, 1), (1, 8) e (8, 8). Si suppone che entrambi i sottogruppi diSU 3 si dividano inSU 2 ×U 1, il che implica una quarta particella ψ accoppiata direttamente al fotone. Una parametriazzazione provvisoria sulla base di formule di massa del tipo di Okubo suggerisce per questa particella una massa di circa 4.8 GeV/c2. La teoria predice anche mesoni vettoriali colorati carichi ρ /+,− C,D con la stessa massa di ψ(3.1) e ψ(3.7) e mesoni colorati K /*+,−,0 C,D con masse approssimativamente di 3.9 GeV/c2 e 4.5 GeV/c2. I mesoni pseudoscalari colorati π C,D hanno proprietà di decadimento simili a quelle di ρ C,D . Essi non si accoppiano direttamente al fotone ma sono raggiungibili da ψ1,2 tramite transizioni radiative e forniscono una possibile spiegazione del nuovo stato a 3.5 GeV/c2. Si sviluppa anche in questo contesto una teoria rinormalizzabile delle interazioni deboli ed elettromagnetiche con le correnti adroniche con le necessarie proprietà di teoria dei gruppi e quelle osservate che cambiano l’ipercarica. Queste esigenze assieme all’« unitarietà » sono sufficienti a determinare la teoria quasi unicamente. Si esaminano le sue implicazioni per le particelle colorate e si mostra che il solo mesone vettoriale colorato a vita lunga è K /*+ C (oppure ρ /+ C in una versione alternativa) con una vita media di circa 10−13 s.

Реэюме

Предлагается воэможное общяснение ψ частиц в контексте цветной теории Хана-Намбу. Считается, что сильная группа представляетSU 3′×SU 3″ и что сушествуют векторные меэоны в представлениях (1,1), (8,1), (1, 8) и (8, 8). Предполагается, что обе подгруппыSU 3 нарущаются доSU 2×U 1, что подраэумевает непосредственную свяэь четвертой ψ частицы с фотоном. Исходя иэ предварительной параметриэации на основе массовой формулы типа формулы Окубо, считается, что масса зтой частицы составляет приблиэительно 4.8 ГзB/c2. Эта теория также предскаэывает эаряженные цветные векторные меэоны, ρ /+,− C,D , с теми же массами, что и ψ(3.1) и ψ(3.7), и цветные меэоны, K /*+,−,0 C,D с массами 3.9 ГзB/c2 и 4.5 ГзB/c2. Цветные псевдоскалярные меэоны π C,D распадаются аналогично ρ C,D . Они непосредственно не свяэаны с фотоном и могут быть обраэованы иэ ψ1,2 в реэультате радиационных переходов. Укаэанный процесс дает воэможное общяснение нового состояния при 3.5 ГзB/c2. В зтом подходе мы раэвиваем перенормируемую теорию слабых и злектромагнитных вэаимодействий с адронными токами, обладаюшими необходимыми свойствами теории групп и обнаруженными свойствами иэменения гиперэаряда. Эти требования вместе с « универсальностью » являются достаточными для почти одноэначного определения теории. Исследуются следствия зтого подхода к цветным частицам. Покаэывается, что единственный долгоживущий частицам. Покаэывается, что единственный долгоживуший цветной векторный меэон представляет K /*+ C (или ρ /+ C в альтернативном варианте) со средним временем жиэни около 10−13 сек.

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Feldman, G., Matthews, P.T. A case for colour. Nuov Cim A 31, 447–486 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02734266

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