Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Temperature and free-nucleon densities of nuclear matter exploding into light clusters in heavy-ion collisions

  • Published:
Il Nuovo Cimento A (1965-1970)

Summary

A new statistical approach is adopted which, through a suitable analysis of light clusters emitted in heavy-ion collisions, allows us to evaluate temperature and free-nucleon densities of the emission source. All known data concerning the emission of2H,3H,3He,4He measured in a common experiment are used. These data refer to 19 heavy-ion reactions studied at projectile energies between 26 and 2100 MeV per nucleon. Analysed events are only those attributable to the equilibrium component through carefully adopted selections. Among the results, a correlation is observed between temperatureT and total free-nucleon density ϱt F of the emission source. A nuclear-matter model is formulated in order to compare its quantitative predictions with the observed (T, ϱ t F) correlation. A good agreement is found by this comparison.

Riassunto

Si adotta un nuovo approccio statistico che, mediante un’opportuna analisi delle particelle leggere emesse nelle reazioni tra ioni pesanti, permette di calcolare le densità dei nucleoni liberi e la temperatura della sorgente di emissione. Si usano tutti i dati noti riguardanti l’emissione di2H,3H,3He,4He misurati in un unico esperimento. Questi dati si riferiscono a 19 reazioni tra ioni pesanti studiate a energie comprese tra 26 e 2100 MeV per nucleone. Gli eventi analizzati sono soltanto quelli che, mediante accurate selezioni, possono essere attribuiti alla componente di equilibrio. Tra i risultati, si osserva una correlazione tra la densità totale dei nucleoni liberi ϱt F e la temperaturaT della sorgente. Si formula un modello della materia nucleare per confrontare le previsioni quantitative di tale modello con la correlazione osservata traT e28-2. Questo confronto dà un accordo soddisfacente.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S. Nagamiya:Proceedings of the Hakone Seminar, Hakone, July 1980, edited byK. Nakai andS. Goldhaber, Vol.1, (1980), p. 53.

    Google Scholar 

  2. M. Gyulassy:Proceedings of the Hakone Seminar, Hakone, July 1980, edited byK. Nakai andS. Goldhaber, Vol.1, (1980), p. 199.

    Google Scholar 

  3. S. Nagamiya:Proceedings of the V High Energy Heavy Ion Summer Study, LBL-21652, Conf.-810504 (Berkeley, May 1981), p. 141.

  4. S. Nagamiya andM. Gyulassy:Adv. Nucl. Phys.,13, 201 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  5. J. Randrup andS. E. Koonin:Nucl. Phys. A,356, 223 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. G. D. Westfall, J. Gosset, P. J. Johansen, A. M. Poskanzer, W. G. Meyer, H. H. Gutbrod, A. Sandoval andR. Stock:Phys. Rev. Lett.,37, 1202 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. J. Gosset, H. H. Gutbrod, W. G. Meyer, A. M. Poskanzer, A. Sandoval, R. Stock andG. D. Westfall:Phys. Rev. C,16, 629 (1977).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. A. Z. Mekjian:Phys. Rev. Lett.,38, 640 (1977).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. Z. Mekjian:Phys. Rev. C,17, 1051 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Z. Mekjian:Nucl. Phys. A,312, 491 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Z. Mekjian:Phys. Lett. B,89, 177 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Das Gupta andA. Z. Mekjian:Phys. Rep.,72, 131 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. R. Weiner andM. Weström:Phys. Rev. Lett.,34, 1523 (1975).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. R. Weiner andM. Weström:Nucl. Phys. A,286, 282 (1977).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. W. D. Myers:Nucl. Phys. A,296, 177 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. J. Gosset, J. I. Kapusta andG. D. Westfall:Phys. Rev. C,18, 844 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. S. T. Butler andC. A. Pearson:Phys. Rev. Lett.,7, 69 (1961).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. S. T. Butler andC. A. Pearson:Phys. Lett.,1, 77 (1962).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. S. T. Butler andC. A. Pearson:Phys. Rev.,129, 836 (1963).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. A. Schwarzschild andC. Zupancic:Phys. Rev.,129, 854 (1963).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. H. H. Gutbrod, A. Sandoval, P. J. Johansen, A. M. Poskanzer, J. Gosset, W. J. Meyer, G. D. Westfall andR. Stock:Phys. Rev. Lett.,37, 667 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. H. Machner:Phys. Lett. B,86, 129 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. H. Machner:Phys. Rev. C,21, 2695 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. H. Sato andK. Yazaki:Phys. Lett. B,98, 153 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. R. L. Aulbe, J. B. Ball, F. E. Bertrand, C. B. Fulmer, D. C. Hensley, I. Y. Lee, R. L. Robinson, P. A. Stelson, C. Y. Wong, D. L. Hendrie, H. D. Holmgren andJ. D. Silk:Phys. Rev. C,28, 1552 (1983).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. B. Neumann, H. Rebel, H. J. Gils, R. Planeta, J. Bushmann, H. Klewe-Nebenius, S. Zagromski, R. Shyam andH. Machner:Nucl. Phys. A,382, 296 (1982).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. G. D. Westfall, Z. M. Koenig, B. V. Jacak, L. H. Lynch, A. D. Panagiotou, D. K. Scott, H. Stöcker andM. B. Tsang:Phys. Rev. C,29, 861 (1984).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. B. Ludewigt, G. Gaul, R. Glasow, H. Löhner andR. Santo:Phys. Lett. B,108, 15 (1982).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. K. G. R. Doss, H. A. Gustafsson, H. H. Gutbrod, B. Kolb, H. Löhner, B. Ludewigt, A. M. Poskanzer, T. Renner, H. Riedesel, H. G. Ritter, A. Warwick andH. Wieman: GSI-85-4 Preprint (January 1985).

  30. A. S. Goldhaber:Phys. Rev. C,17, 2243 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. T. C. Awes, G. Poggi, C. K. Gelbke, B. B. Back, B. G. Glagola, H. Breuer andV. E. Viola jr.:Phys. Rev. C,24, 89 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. S. Nagamiya, M.-C. Lemaire, E. Moeller, S. Schnetzer, G. Shapiro, H. Steiner andI. Tanihata:Phys. Rev. C,24, 971 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. R. Hagedorn:Suppl. Nuovo Cimento,3, 147 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  34. A. T. Laasanen, C. Ezell, L. J. Gutay, W. N. Schreiner, P. Schübelin, L. von Lindern andF. Turkot:Phys. Rev. Lett.,38, 1 (1977).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. N. K. Glendenning andY. Karant:Phys. Rev. Lett.,40, 374 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. H. Stöcker, G. Buchwald, R. Y. Cusson, G. Graebner, W. Greiner, J. Hofmann, H. Kruse, J. A. Maruhn, B. Müller, W. T. Pinskton, P. R. Subramanian, J. Theis, D. Vasak, H. G. Baumgardt andE. Schopper:Proceedings of the International Conference on «Extreme States in Nuclear Systems», Dresden, February 4–9, 1980, Vol.2 (1980), p. 23.

    Google Scholar 

  37. P. R. Subramanian, L. P. Csernai, H. Stöcker, J. A. Maruhn, W. Greiner andH. Kruse:J. Phys. G,7, L241 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. T. C. Awes, S. Saini, G. Poggi, C. K. Gelbke, D. Cha, R. Legrain andG. D. Westfall:Phys. Rev. C,25, 2361 (1982).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. A. Sandoval, H. H. Gutbrod, W. J. Meyer, R. Stock, Ch. Lukner, A. M. Poskanzer, J. Gosset, C. Jourdain, C. H. King, N. van Sen, G. D. Westfall andK. L. Wolf:Phys. Rev. C,21, 1321 (1980).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. H. Feshbach andK. Huang:Phys. Lett. B,47, 300 (1973).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. K. Huang:Phys. Rev.,146, 1075 (1966).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. K. Huang:Phys. Rev.,156, 1555 (1967).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. A. S. Goldhaber:Phys. Lett. B,53, 306 (1974).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. H. H. Heckmann:Proceedings of the V International Conference on High Energy Physics and Nuclear Structure, Upssala, June 1973, LBL-2052 (1973).

  45. D. E. Greiner, P. J. Lindstrom, H. H. Heckmann, B. Cork andF. S. Bieser:Phys. Rev. Lett.,35, 152 (1975).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. C. K. Gelbke, D. K. Scott, M. Bini, D. L. Hendrie, J. L. Laville, J. Mahoney, M. C. Mermaz andC. Olmer:Phys. Lett. B,70, 415 (1977).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. J. B. Natowitz, M. N. Namboodiri, L. Adler, R. P. Schmitt, R. L. Watson, S. Simon, M. Berlanger andR. Choudhury:Phys. Rev. Lett.,47, 1114 (1981).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. G. D. Westfall, R. G. Sextro, A. M. Poskanzer, A. M. Zebelman, G. W. Butler andE. K. Hyde:Phys. Rev. C,17, 1368 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. P. J. Siemens andJ. I. Kapusta:Phys. Rev. Lett.,43, 1486 (1979).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. H. Stöcker, G. Buchwald, G. Graebner, P. Subramanian, J. A. Maruhn, W. Greiner, B. V. Jacak andG. D. Westfall:Nucl. Phys. A,400, 63c (1983).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. J. Kapusta:Phys. Rev. C,29, 1735 (1984).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. J. Ferrante, J. R. Smith andJ. H. Rose:Phys. Rev. Lett.,50, 1385 (1983).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. J. H. Rose, J. R. Smith andJ. Ferrante:Phys. Rev. B,28, 1835 (1983).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. J. H. Rose, J. R. Smith, F. Guinea andJ. Ferrante:Phys. Rev. B,29, 2963 (1984).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. J. H. Rose, J. P. Vary andJ. R. Smith:Phys. Rev. Lett.,53, 344 (1984).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. A. Pascolini andC. Villi:Nuovo Cimento A,85, 89 (1985).

    Article  ADS  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università, Catania

    S. Albergo, S. Costa, E. Costanzo & A. Rubbino

  2. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italia

    S. Albergo, S. Costa, E. Costanzo & A. Rubbino

  3. Centro Siciliano di Fisica Nucleare e di Struttura della Materia, Catania

    S. Albergo, S. Costa, E. Costanzo & A. Rubbino

Authors
  1. S. Albergo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. Costa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. E. Costanzo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Rubbino
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

To speed up publication, the authors of this paper have agreed to not receive the proofs for correction.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Albergo, S., Costa, S., Costanzo, E. et al. Temperature and free-nucleon densities of nuclear matter exploding into light clusters in heavy-ion collisions. Nuov Cim A 89, 1–28 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02773614

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02773614

PACS. 25.70

Search

Navigation