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Flux and energy spectrum of secondary electrons in the upper atmosphere

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Il Nuovo Cimento A (1965-1970)

Summary

Detailed calculations have been made on the vertical flux and energy spectra of the secondary γ-rays and electrons in the upper atmosphere. The results given refer to the atmospheric depth of 1 g/cm2 for γ-rays and of 2, 4, 6 g/cm2 for electrons, at the geomagnetic vertical cut-off rigidity of 0.5, 2, 4.5, 10, 16 GV at solar minimum. The processes taken in consideration are the π0→λ+λ decay, the chain π±→μ±→e± and the γ→e++e conversion. The calculations have been based on a pion-source spectrum obtained using accelerator data on the basic nuclear interaction, from the production threshold up to 30 GeV energy for incident protons. The precision on the numerical values obtained is estimated at better than 2%, for γ-ray and electron energies up to few GeV; the indetermination derives from the errors in the data on the nuclear interactions and from the approximation introduced on the angular spread of the secondary particles. The data obtained are used for estimating the contribution of secondary electrons and γ-rays to the total flux observed in the upper atmosphere with balloon experiments.

Riassunto

Sono riportati i risultati di calcoli dettagliati sul flusso e lo spettro di energia dei raggi γ e degli elettroni secondari nell'alta atmosfera. I dati riguardano spessori di atmosfera residua di 1 g/cm2 per i raggi γ e di 2, 4, 6 g/cm2 per gli elettroni, per i valori di rigidità geomagnetica di taglio verticale di 0.5, 2, 4.5, 10, 16 GV, in periodo di minima attività solare. I processi presi in considerazione sono il decadimento π0→λ+λ, la catena π±→μ±→e± la conversione γ→e++e. Lo spettro della sorgente di pioni è stato derivato utilizzando per le caratteristiche delle interazioni, i dati ottenuti con macchine acceleratrici, nell'intervallo di energia, per protoni incidenti, dalla soglia di produzione per mesoni π fino a 30 GeV. L'imprecisione dei risultati riportati è stimata inferiore del 20%; l'errore è dovuto all'indeterminazione nei dati sulle interazione e all'approssimazione introdotta nella distribuzione angolare delle particelle secondarie. I valori ottenuti sono usati per valutare il contributo della componente secondaria ai flussi totali di γ ed elettroni osservati con esperienze in pallone sonda.

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Perola, G.C., Scarsi, L. Flux and energy spectrum of secondary electrons in the upper atmosphere. Nuovo Cimento A (1965-1970) 46, 718–736 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02857518

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02857518

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