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Classification and geography of the flowering plants

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Abstract

Thome, Robert F. (Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA 91711). Classification and geography of the flowering plants. Bot. Rev.58(3): 225–348. 1992.—This treatment of the flowering plants is the latest revision of my classification of the Class Angiospermae and replaces my 1983 and more recent 1992 synopses. An update is necessary because so much new information has been published in the last decade pertinent to the classification of the flowering plants. About 870 such recent books, monographs, and other botanical papers are cited in the Introduction, listed primarily by the botanical discipline that they represent. Also considerable changes in my classification have been necessitated by my narrowed family- and ordinal-gap concepts, acceptance of the ending “-anae” for superorders in place of the traditional but inappropriate “-iflorae,” and acceptance of more prior or more widely used names for the categories above the family. A new phyletic “shrub” replaces earlier versions, and attempts to indicate visually relative sizes and relationships among the superorders, orders, and suborders. One table includes a statistical summary of floweringplant taxa: ca. 233,900 species of 12,650 genera, 437 families, and 708 subfamilies and undivided families in 28 superorders, 71 orders, and 71 suborders of Angiospermae. Three other tables summarize the known indigenous distribution of the families and subfamilies of angiosperms about the world. The synopsis lists the flowering plant taxa from the class down to the subfamily (and in Asteraceae down to the tribe) with indication of the degree of confidence I place in the circumscription and placement of each category above the subfamily, the best available estimates of the number of genera and species for each category, and the known indigenous distribution of each subfamily and family. Table V lists alphabetically the geographical abbreviations used in the synopsis. The extensive bibliography of recent literature should be helpful to those persons interested in the classification of the flowering plants.

Resumen

Este tratado de las plantas con flores es la revisión más reciente de mi clasificación de la Clase Angiospermae y substituye mis sinopsis de 1983 y la reciente de 1992. Este modificacíon es necesaria debido a la gran cantidad de información nueva que se ha publicado en la última decada, acerca de la clasificación de las plantas con flores. En la introducción de esta revisión se citan alrededor de 870 trabajos recientes los cuales incluyen libros, monografías y otros artículos, que son listados de acuerdo con la disciplina que representan. Asimismo, ciertos cambios significativos en mi clasificación son el resultado de mi concepto estricto a mivel familia y mis conceptos de separación entre ordenes, la aceptación de la terminación “-anae” para los superórdenes, en lugar de la tradicional pero inapropiada “-iflorae”; y la aceptación, ya sea de nombres anteriores o nombres más comúnmente aceptados para las categorias a nivel familia o a nivel superior. El nuevo arbusto filético substituye las versiones recientes e intenta indicar visualmente los tamaños proporcionales y las relaciones entre superórdenes, órdenes y subórdenes. Se presenta una tabla con un sumario de las estadisticas de los taxa comprendidos dentro de las plantas con flores: alrededor de 233,900 especies en 12,650 géneros, 437 familias, 708 subfamilias y familias no subdivididas, todos éstos incluidos en 28 superórdenes, 71 órdenes y 71 subórdenes de Angiospermae. En otras tres tablas que se presentan en este trabajo se sumariza la distribución indígena de las familias y subfamilias de angiospermas en el mundo. Esta sinopsis lista los taxa incluidos en las plantas con flores desde el nivel orden hasta el nivel de subfamilia (en Asteraceae hasta tribu), indicando el grado de confianza que designo a la circunscripción y a la localización de cada categoría al nivel de subfamilia o superior. También incluyo las estimaciones disponibles acerca del número de géneros y especies para cada categoría y la distribución geográfica indígena conocida de cada subfamilia y familia. La tabla 5 lista alfabéticamente las abreviaciones geográficas usadas en esta sinopsis. La extensa bibliografía de la literatura reciente incluida en este trabajo puede ser de utilidad para todo interesado en la clasificación de las plantas con flores.

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Thorne, R.F. Classification and geography of the flowering plants. Bot. Rev 58, 225–327 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02858611

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