Abstract
To achieve demineralization of crab shell waste by chemical and biological treatments, lactic acid and lactic acid bacterium were applied. In 5.0 and 10% lactic acid, pH rapidly decreased from 6.8 to 4.2 and from 4.5 to 2.4 at day 3, respectively, and thereafter the pH remained at an almost constant level. In a 10% lactic acid bacterium inoculum, pH lowered to 4.6 at day 5. Relative residual ash content rapidly decreased to 49.1 and 16.4% in 5 and 10% lactic acid treatments, respectively, for the initial 12 h. In 2.5, 5 and 10% lactic acid bacterium inoculums, relative residual ash content rapidly decreased to 55.2, 40.9 and 44.7%, respectively, on the first day. Residual dry masses were 76.4, 67.8 and 46.6% in 2.5, 5 and 10% lactic acid treatments, respectively, for the initial 12 h. After a one-time exchange of the lactic acid solution, in the 5.0% lactic acid treatment, residual dry mass rapidly decreased from 66.0 to 41.4%. In 2.5, 5 and 10% lactic acid bacterium inoculums, residual dry masses decreased to 67.6, 57.4 and 59.6% respectively, on the first day. Protein contents after demineralization ranged from 51.3–54.7% in the chemical treatments and decreased to 32.3% in the lactic acid fermentation process. A negative relationship was shown between pH and demineralization rate in lactic acid and lactic acid bacterium treatments. These results suggest that lactic acid fermentation can be an alternative for demineralization of crab shells, even though the rate and efficiency of the demineralization is lower than the chemical treatment.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hackman, R. H. (1954) Chitin. I. Enzyme degradation of chitin and chitin esters.Austr. J. Biol. Sci. 7: 168–178.
Whistler, R. S., and J. N. BeMiller (1962) Chitin.J. Org. Chem. 27: 1161–1163.
Allan, G. G., J. R. Fox, and N. Kong (1978) Marine polymers. Part 8. A critical evaluation of the potential sources of chitin and chitosan. pp. 64–78. In: R. A. A. Muzzarelli and E. R. Pariser (eds.).Proceeding of 1st International Conference on: Chitin/Chitosan. MIT Sea Grant Rep, MITSG, USA.
Ng, C. H., S. Chandrkrachang, and W. F. Stevens (2000) Effect of the rate of deacetylation on the physico-chemical properties of cuttlefish chitin.Adv. Chitin Science 4: 50–54.
Myint, K. T., C. H. Ng, S. Chandrkrachang, and W. F. Stevens (2002) Optimal demineralization of crab shells wastes for chitin production. pp. 15–18. In: K. Scchiva, S. Chandrkrachang, P. Methacanon, and M. G. Peter (eds.),Advance in Chitin Science. Vol. V. Proceeding of the 5th Asia Pacific Chitin and Chitosan Symposium & Exhibition. Bangkok, Thailand.
Stevens, W. F. (2002) Production and storage of high quality chitosan from shrimp, crab and fungus, pp. 6–11. In: K. Scchiva, S. Chandrkrachang, P. Methacanon, and M. G. Peter (eds.),Advance in Chitin Science. Vol. V. Proceeding of the 5th Asia Pacific Chitin and Chitosan Symposium & Exhibition. Bangkok, Thailand.
A.O.A.C. (1980)Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington DC., USA.
Takiguchi, Y., K. Ohkouchi, H. Yamashita, and K. Shimahara (1987) A new method for quantitative determination of protein associated with crustacean chitin.Nippon Nogei Kagaku Kaishi. 61: 437–441.
Roberts, G. A. (1998) Chitosan production routes and their role in determining the structure and properties of the products. pp. 22–31. In: A. Domard, G. A. F. Roberts, and K. M. Varum (eds.).Advances in Chitin Science. Vol. II. Jacques Andres, Lyon, France.
Peniston, Q. P. and E. L. Johnson (1978) Demineralization of crustacea shells.US Patent 4,066,735.
Horowitz, S. T., S. Roseman, and H. J. Blumenthal (1957) Preparation of glucosamine oligoshaccharides: 1. Separation.J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79: 5046–5049.
Bautisa, J., O. Cremades, R. Corpas, R. Ramos, F. Iglesias, J. Vegaet al. (2000) Preparation of chitin by acetic acid fermenation. pp. 28–33. In: M. G. Peter, A. Domard, and A. A. Muzzaralli (eds.),Advences in Chitin Science. Vol. 4. University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Zakaria, Z., G. M. Hall, and G. Shama (1998) Lactic acid fermentation of scampi waste in a rotating horizontal bioreactor for chitin recovery.Process Biochem. 33: 1–6.
Takeda, M. and E. Abe (1962) Isolation of crustacean chitin: Decalcification by disodium ethylenediaminotetrracetate and enzymic hydrosis of incidental proteins.Norisho Suisan Koshusho Kenkyu Hokoku 11: 339–406.
Takeda, M. and H. Katsuura (1964) Purification of king crab chitin.Suisan Daigaku Kenkyu Hokoku 13: 109–116.
Lin, J. Q., S. M. Lee, and Y. M. Koo (2004) Modeling and simulation of lactic acid fermentation with inhibition effects of lactic acid and glucose.Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 9: 52–58.
Wee, Y. J., J. S. Yun, D. H. Park, and H. W. Ryu (2004) Isolation and characterization of novel lactic acid bacterium for the production of lactic acid.Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 9: 303–308.
Cira, L. A., S. Huerta, G. M. Hall, and K. Shirai (2002) Piot scale lactic acid fermentation of shrimp wastes for chitin recovery.Process Biochem. 37: 1359–1366.
Shirai, K., I. Guerrero, S. Huerta, G. Saucedo, A. Castillo, R. O. Gonzalez, and G. M. Hall (2001) Effect of initial glucose concentration and inoculation level of lactic acid bacteria in shrimp waste ensilation.Enzym. Microbial. Technol. 28: 446–452.
Hall, G. M. and S. Silva (1991) Lactic acid fermentation of shrimp (Penaus monodon) waste for chitin recovery. pp. 633–638. In: C. J. Brine, P. A. Sandford, and J. P. Zikakis (eds.),Advance Chitin and Chitosan. 5th International Conference on Chitin & Chitosan. Elsevier, London, UK.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jung, WJ., Jo, GH., Kuk, JH. et al. Demineralization of crab shells by chemical and biological treatments. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 10, 67–72 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02931185
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02931185