Abstract
A two-tier Gaussian model for raindrops, which assumes Gaussian distributions both for instantaneous canting angle and time-varying mean canting angle, together with gross features of ice particles, provide a theoretical framework to organize the experimental data and to yield functional dependence of cross-polarization on frequency, polarization and elevation angle. Agreement has been obtained between measured depolarization data and theoretical results which are essentially independent of details of ice clouds. In particular, a linear relation has been found between cross-polarization amplitude and frequency throughout the centimeter wavelengths for a given earth-space path.
Analyse
L’article présente un modèle doublement gaussien montrant l’influence des hydrométéores sur la transpolarisation et qui fournit un cadre théorique aux valeurs mesurées de la transpolarisation et permet de déterminer la transpolarisation en fonction de la fréquence, la polarisation et l’angle de site. Le modèle suppose que l’angle d’inclinaison suit une loi gaussienne dont la moyenne, variable dans le temps, suit elle-même une loi gaussienne; il ne tient compte que des caractéristiques principales des particules de glace. On obtient un bon accord entre la dépolarisation mesurée et les résultats théoriques. On trouve une relation linéaire entre le découplage de polarisation et la fréquence dans la gamme des ondes centimétriques pour un trajet Terre-espace.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chu (T. S.). Rain-induced cross-polarization at centimeter and millimeter wavelengths.Bell Syst. tech. J., USA (Oct. 1974),53, pp. 1557–1578.
Morrison (J. A.),Chu (T. S.). Perturbation calculations of rain-induced differential attenuation and differential phase shift at microwave frequencies.Bell Syst. tech. J., USA (Dec. 1973),52, pp. 1907–1913.
Oguchi (T.). Scattering properties of Pruppacher-and- Pitter form raindrops and cross-polarizations due to rain: Calculations at 11, 13, 19.3 and 34.8 GHz,Radio Sci., USA (Feb. 1977),12, pp. 41–51.
Arnold (H. W.),Cox (D. C.),Hoffman (H. H.),Leck (R. P.). Characteristics of rain and ice depolarization for a 19 and 28 GHz propagation path from aComstar satellite.IEEE Trans. AP, USA (Jan. 1980),28, pp. 22–28.
Arnold (H. W.),Cox (D. C.). Dependence of depolarization on incident polarization for 19 GHz satellite signals.Bell Syst. tech. J., USA (Nov. 1978),57, pp. 3267–3276.
Arnold (H. W.),Cox (D. C.). Depolarization of 19 and 28 GHz earth-space signals by ice particles.Radio Sci., USA (Jun. 1978),13, pp. 511–517.
Rustako (A. J.). Measurement of rain attenuation and depolarization of the cts beacon signals at Holmdel, New Jersey, presented at 1979 USNC/URSI Spring Meeting, Seattle, Washington. Preliminary results appear in Rustako (A. J.), an earth-space path propagation measurement at Crawford Hill using the 12 GHzCts satellite beacon.Bell Syst. tech. J., USA (Jun. 1978),57, pp. 1431–1448.
Kurihara (H.)et al. Degradation of cross-polarization discrimination due to rain on earth space path at low elevation angle.Trans. Inst. Electron. Communie. Engrs, Jap. (Oct. 1978), E61, pp. 848–849. Early results appear in Yamada (M.)et al. Rain depolarization measurement using INTELSAT-IV satellite in 4 GHz band at a low elevation angle.Ann. Telecommunic., Fr. (Dec. 1977),32, pp. 524–529.
Vogel (W. J.). «Some measurements ofCts 11.7 GHz cross-polarization comparing a fixed and an adjustable polarization receiver », presented at 1979Usnc/Ursi Spring Meeting, Seattle, Washington. Early results appear in Vogel (W. J.) and Straiton (A. W.).Cts attenuation and cross-polarization measurements at 11.7 GHz, report prepared forNasa,Univ. Texas (Apr. 1977), N78-26349.
Schlesak (J. J.),Strickland (J. I.),Nowland (W. L.). Depolarization measurements at various locations across Canada using the 11.7 GHz cts beacon, presented at 1979Usnc/Ursi spring meeting, Seattle, Washington. Early results appear in: Measurements of depolarization and attenuation at 11.7 GHz by using the communications technology satellite,Electron. Letters, GB (Nov. 24, 1977),13, pp. 750–751.
Lin (S. H.). Empirical rain attenuation model for earth-satellite path.IEEE Trans. COM, USA (May 1979),27, pp. 812–817.
Brussaard (C.). A meteorological model for rain-induced cross-polarization.IEEE Trans. AP, USA (Jan. 1976),24, pp. 5–11.
Nowland (W. L.),Olsen (R. L.),Shkarofsky (I. P.). Theoretical relationship between rain depolarization and attenuation.Electronic. Letters, GB (Oct. 27, 1977),13, pp. 676–678.
Chu (T. S.). Microwave depolarization of an earth-space path.Bell Syst. tech. J., USA (Aug. 1980),59, pp. 987–1007.
Cox (D. C.), Arnold (H. W.), Hoffman (H. H.). Differential attenuation and depolarization measurements from a 19 GHz comstar satellite beacon propagation experiment. Proc.URSI Commission F. Open symposium on propagation in non-ionized media. La Baule, France, April 28–May 6, 1977.CNET, Fr. (1977).
Saunders (M. J.). Cross-polarization at 18 and 20 GHz due to rain.IEEE Trans. AP, USA (Mar. 1971),19, pp. 273–277.
Lin (S. H.). Dependence of rain-rate distribution on raingauge integration time.Bell Syst. tech. J., USA (Jan. 1976),55, pp. 135–141.
Arnold (H. W.),Cox (D. C.),Hoffman (H. H.),Leck (R. P.). Rain attenuation statistics from a 19 and 28 GHzComstar beacon propagation experiment.IEEE Trans. COM, USA (Nov. 1979),27, pp. 1725–1728.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chu, T.S. Analysis and prediction of cross-polarization on earth-space links. Ann. Télécommun. 36, 140–147 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02997017
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02997017
Key words
- Wave propagation
- Wave depolarization
- Centimeter wave
- Satellite communication
- Rain
- Ice
- Statistical model
- Statistical prediction