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Vermicompost suppresses Rhizoctonia solani Kühn in cucumber seedlings

Wurmkompost unterdrückt die Entwicklung von Rhizoctonia solani Kühn an Gurkenkeimlingen

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Abstract

Disease suppressiveness of vermicompost produced from agricultural wastes consisting of cattle manure, tree bark (Salix spp.), potato culls, and apples was assayed on damping-off of two days-old cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. Cevher) seedlings infected by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (AG-4). Suppression effect was assessed at the rates of 0, 10, 20 and 30% (v/v) vermicompost, either blended with Trichoderma harzianum Rifai (KRL-AG2), amended with potting mixtures consisting of sand and garden soil (1:1, v/v). Effect of water extracts of vermicompost on growth of R. solani mycelium in Petri dishes was also analyzed. Disease suppression effect increased in proportion to the pot amendment rate of vermicompost. Vermicomposts not blended with T. h arz ian u m effectively controlled damping-off of cucumber by R. solani (AG-4) at the rate of 20% and 30%. Vermicompost not blended with T. harzianum improved plant growth as well as that blended with T. harzianum. Analysis of the effect of water extracts of vermicompost on growth of R. solani mycelium in Petri dishes revealed antagonistic activity of a putative bacterium. Heat sterilization eliminated the suppressive and antagonistic effect by vermicompost and its water extracts, respectively. Activity of an antagonistic bacterium, which expressed a strong inhibition of growth of the pathogen mycelium, indicated that the type of suppressiveness against Rhizoctonia disease by the vermicompost is specific.

Zusammenfassung

Die suppressive Wirkung von Wurmkompost aus Rinderdung, Baumrinde (Salix spp.) und nicht mehr verkaufsfähigen Kartoffeln und Äpfeln wurde gegenüber der durch Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (AG-4) verursachten Umfallkrankheit an infizierten, zwei Tage alten Gurkenkeimlingen (Cucumis sativus cv. Cevher) untersucht. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine 1:1-Mischung von Sand und Gartenerde in Töpfen mit 0, 10, 20 oder 30% Wurmkompost gemischt und mit oder ohne Zugabe des Antagonisten Trichoderma harzianum Rifai (KRL-AG2) zur Anzucht der Keimlinge verwendet. Darüber hinaus wurde die Wirkung wässriger Kompostextrakte auf das Myzelwachstum von R. solani in Petrischalen untersucht. Die suppressive Wirkung des Komposts stieg mit zunehmendem Substratanteil. Kompost ohne Zugabe von T. harzianum besaß eine Wirkungseffizienz gegenüber der Umfallkrankheit an Gurkenkeimlingen von 20 bis 30%. Er förderte das Pflanzenwachstum genauso wie Kompost mit Zugabe von T. harzianum. Die wässrigen Kompostextrakte zeigten eine möglicherweise bakteriell bedingte antagonistische Wirkung auf das Myzelwachstum von R. solani. Eine Hitzesterilisation hob die suppressive und antagonistische Wirkung des Komposts bzw. seines wässrigen Extrakts vollständig auf. Eine deutliche antagonistische Wirkung eines Bakteriums auf das Myzelwachstum von R. solani bedeutete, dass die suppressive Wirkung des Komposts auf den Erreger spezifisch wäre.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, University of Ordu, Ordu, Turkey

    Y. Simsek Ersahin, K. Haktanir & Y. Yanar

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  1. Y. Simsek Ersahin
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  2. K. Haktanir
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  3. Y. Yanar
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Correspondence to Y. Simsek Ersahin.

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Simsek Ersahin, Y., Haktanir, K. & Yanar, Y. Vermicompost suppresses Rhizoctonia solani Kühn in cucumber seedlings. J Plant Dis Prot 116, 182–188 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356308

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