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Effects of chemical modification on the mechanical properties of wood

Einfluss chemischer Modifikation auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften von Holz

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Abstract

Chemical modification has been recognized as an efficient strategy for dimensionally stabilizing wood and protecting it from environmental damage, such as deterioration due to weathering and fungal decay during the service period. Studies reported in the literature mainly concern the establishment of workable modification techniques, testing methodologies, and assessment of the durability of modified wood. The development of wood modification techniques has recently been reviewed; limited information is however given on the effects of chemical modification on the mechanical properties of wood that are of importance to it as an engineering material. This paper reviews the effects of wood modification, typically by heat treatments and impregnation with low molecular weight resins, reactive monomers, or hot melting paraffins on the mechanical properties of wood. The modifying variables associated with mechanical properties of wood such as wood species, treating temperature and time, catalyst, type of solvent, weight percent gain, and molecular structures of the modifying agent were analysed and the results interpreted. The reasons for changes in the mechanical properties of wood are discussed.

Zusammenfassung

Chemische Modifikation wird als ein wirksames Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Dimensionsstabilität und zum Schutz gegen umweltbedingte Schäden wie zum Beispiel Holzabbau aufgrund von Bewitterung oder Pilzbefall während der Gebrauchsdauer angesehen. In der Literatur vorhandene Studien befassen sich hauptsächlich mit geeigneten Behandlungsverfahren, Prüfmethoden und der Beurteilung der Dauerhaftigkeit von modifiziertem Holz. Die Entwicklung von Holzbehandlungsmethoden wurde kürzlich beschrieben, jedoch gibt es nur wenig Informationen hinsichtlich der Einflüsse einer chemischen Modifikation auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften von Holz im Hinblick auf seine Nutzung als Bau- und Werkstoff. In diesem Artikel werden die Einflüsse einer chemischen Modifikation, üblicherweise durch Hitzebehandlung oder Imprägnierung mit niedermolekularem Harz, reaktiven Monomeren oder heiß schmelzenden Paraffinen, auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften von Holz untersucht. Einflussgrößen auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften von Holz wie Holzart, Behandlungstemperatur und –dauer, Katalysator, Art des Lösungsmittels, prozentuale Gewichtszunahme und molekulare Struktur des Modifiziermittels wurden untersucht und die Ergebnisse diskutiert. Gründe für die Änderungen der mechanischen Eigenschaften wurden erörtert.

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Acknowledgments

The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (DL12BB39 and DL12DB02) is gratefully acknowledged. Yanjun Xie thanks the support from the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China (No. NCET-11-0608) and the Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Northeast Forestry University. The authors thank Springer for permission license (No. 2915120497338) to use part of data. The colleagues, Dr. Susanne Bollmus and Dr. Martin Arnold are also acknowledged for being able to use their comprehensive information.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Bio–based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China

    Yanjun Xie, Qiliang Fu, Qingwen Wang & Zefang Xiao

  2. Wood Biology and Wood Products, Burckhardt-Institute, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany

    Holger Militz

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  2. Qiliang Fu
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  3. Qingwen Wang
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  4. Zefang Xiao
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  5. Holger Militz
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Correspondence to Zefang Xiao.

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Xie, Y., Fu, Q., Wang, Q. et al. Effects of chemical modification on the mechanical properties of wood. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 71, 401–416 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-013-0693-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-013-0693-4

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