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Diversity of wild and cultivated pearl millet accessions (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) in Niger assessed by microsatellite markers

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Abstract

Genetic diversity of crop species in sub-Sahelian Africa is still poorly documented. Among such crops, pearl millet is one of the most important staple species. In Niger, pearl millet covers more than 65% of the total cultivated area. Analyzing pearl millet genetic diversity, its origin and its dynamics is important for in situ and ex situ germplasm conservation and to increase knowledge useful for breeding programs. We developed new genetic markers and a high-throughput technique for the genetic analysis of pearl millet. Using 25 microsatellite markers, we analyzed genetic diversity in 46 wild and 421 cultivated accessions of pearl millet in Niger. We showed a significantly lower number of alleles and lower gene diversity in cultivated pearl millet accessions than in wild accessions. This result contrasts with a previous study using iso-enzyme markers showing similar genetic diversity between cultivated and wild pearl millet populations. We found a strong differentiation between the cultivated and wild groups in Niger. Analyses of introgressions between cultivated and wild accessions showed modest but statistically supported evidence of introgressions. Wild accessions in the central region of Niger showed introgressions of cultivated alleles. Accessions of cultivated pearl millet showed introgressions of wild alleles in the western, central, and eastern parts of Niger.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the different people who participated in the 2003 sampling and particulary Djibo Moussa, Moussa Tidjani, and H. Yahaya Bissala. We thank Ousmane Seyni, Sylvain Santoni for useful help during genotyping. We thank Serge Tostain for helpful discussions. The article was significantly improved by thorough comments of three reviewers. This work was supported by Institut de la Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) and partly by the Institut Français de la Biodiversité (IFB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 911, avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France

    Cedric Mariac, Viviane Luong, Jean-Louis Pham & Yves Vigouroux

  2. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger (INRAN), Niamey, Niger

    Issoufou Kapran & Aïssata Mamadou

  3. Centre International de la Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Montpellier, France

    Fabrice Sagnard, Monique Deu & Jacques Chantereau

  4. International Center of Research for the Semi-Arid tropics (ICRISAT), Niamey, Niger

    Bruno Gerard & Jupiter Ndjeunga

  5. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Niamey, Niger

    Gilles Bezançon

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  1. Cedric Mariac
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  2. Viviane Luong
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  3. Issoufou Kapran
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  4. Aïssata Mamadou
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  7. Jacques Chantereau
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  10. Gilles Bezançon
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  11. Jean-Louis Pham
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  12. Yves Vigouroux
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yves Vigouroux.

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Cedric Mariac and Viviane Luong have contributed equally to this work.

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Mariac, C., Luong, V., Kapran, I. et al. Diversity of wild and cultivated pearl millet accessions (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) in Niger assessed by microsatellite markers. Theor Appl Genet 114, 49–58 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-006-0409-9

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