Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Identification and validation of SSR markers linked to the stem rust resistance gene Sr6 on the short arm of chromosome 2D in wheat

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Theoretical and Applied Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The wheat stem rust resistance gene Sr6, present in several wheat cultivars, confers a high level of resistance against a wide range of races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. Resistance conferred by Sr6 is influenced by temperature, light intensity, and genetic background of the recipient genotype. Here, we report the identification and validation of molecular markers linked to Sr6 that can be used for the detection of this gene in wheat breeding programs. A mapping population of 136 F2 plants and their F2:3 families derived from a cross between near-isogenic lines, ‘Chinese Spring’ and ISr6-Ra, were screened for stem rust reaction in the seedling stage. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) based on seedling tests was used to screen 418 SSR markers that covered the entire genome of wheat. Four markers, Xwmc453, Xcfd43, Xcfd77, and Xgwm484, were mapped within a chromosome region that spanned 9.7 cM from Sr6. The closest markers, Xwmc453 and Xcfd43, were linked to Sr6 at a distance of 1.1 and 1.5 cM, respectively. The markers Xwmc453 and Xcfd43 amplified Sr6-specific marker alleles that were diagnostic for Sr6 in a diverse set of 46 wheat accessions and breeding lines developed and/or collected in Australia, Canada, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mexico, South Africa, and USA. These markers can now be used for marker-assisted selection of Sr6 and for pyramiding it with other stem rust resistance genes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson JA (2003) Plant genomics and its impact on wheat breeding. In: Newbury HJ (ed) Plant molecular breeding. Blackwell, Boca Raton, pp 184–215

    Google Scholar 

  • Browder LE (1985) Parasite:host:environment specificity in the cereal rusts. Annu Rev Phytopathol 23:201–222

    Google Scholar 

  • Das BK, Saini A, Bhagwat SG, Jawali N (2007) Development of SCAR markers for identification of stem rust resistance gene Sr31 in the homozygous or heterozygous condition in bread wheat. Plant Breed 125:544–549

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forsyth FR (1956) Interaction of temperature and light on the seedling reaction of McMurachy wheat to race 15B of stem rust. Can J Bot 34:745–749

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gfeller F, Whiteside AGO (1961) Inheritance of quality as related to agronomic characters in advanced lines of a spring wheat cross. Can J Plant Sci 41:604–617

    Google Scholar 

  • Green GJ, Knott DR, Watson IA, Pugsley AT (1960) Seedling reactions to stem rust of lines of Marquis wheat with substituted genes for rust resistance. Can J Plant Sci 40:524–538

    Google Scholar 

  • Gulyaeva ZB (1984) Localization of the genes for pubescence of the glumes and coloration of auricles in the leaf sheath in winter wheat variety Ul’yanovka. Bull Appl Bot Genet Plant Breed 85:85–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta K, Balyan S, Edwards J, Isaac P, Korzun V, Roder M, Gautier MF, Joudrier P, Schlatter R, Dubcovsky J, De La Pena C, Khairallah M, Penner G, Hayden J, Sharp P, Keller B, Wang C, Hardouin P, Jack P, Leroy P (2002) Genetic mapping of 66 new microsatellite (SSR) loci in bread wheat. Theor Appl Genet 105:413–422

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guyomarc’h H, Sourdille P, Charmet G, Edwards KJ, Bernad M (2002) Characterisation of polymorphic microsatellite markers from Aegilops tauschii and transferability to the D-genome of bread wheat. Theor Appl Genet 104:1164–1172

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart GE, Gale MD, McIntosh RA (1993) Linkage maps of Triticum aestivum (hexaploid wheat, 2n = 42, genomes A, B, and D) and T. tauschii (2n = 14, genome D). In: O’Brien SJ (ed) Genetic maps: Locus maps of complex genomes. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, pp 204–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayden M, Kuchel H, Chalmers K (2004) Sequence tagged microsatellites for the Xgwm533 locus provide new diagnostic markers to select for the presence of stem rust resistance gene Sr2 in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Theor Appl Genet 109:1641–1647

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helguera M, Khan IA, Kolmer J, Lijavetzky D, Zhong-qi L, Dubcovsky J (2003) PCR assays for the Lr37-Yr17-Sr38 cluster of rust resistance genes and their use to develop isogenic hard red spring wheat lines. Crop Sci 43:1839–1847

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jin Y (2005) Races of Puccinia graminis in the United States during 2003. Plant Dis 89:1125–1127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jin Y, Singh RP, Ward RW, Wanyera R, Kinyua M, Njau P, Fetch T, Pretorius ZA, Yahyaoui A (2007) Characterization of seedling infection types and adult plant infection responses of monogenic Sr gene lines to race TTKS of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. Plant Dis 91:1096–1099

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knott DR (1957) The inheritance of rust resistance: II. The inheritance of stem rust resistance in six additional varieties of common wheat. Can J Plant Sci 37:177–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knott DR (1981) The effects of genotype and temperature on the resistance to Puccinia graminis tritici controlled by the gene Sr6 in Triticum aestivum. Can J Genet Cytol 23:183–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Knott DR (1989) The wheat rusts: breeding for resistance. Springer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Knott DR (1990) Near-isogenic lines of wheat carrying genes for stem rust resistance. Crop Sci 30:901–905

    Google Scholar 

  • Knott DR (2001) Anomalous segregations at the Sr6 locus for stem rust resistance in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 103:171–177

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knott DR, Zeven AC (1987) A test for linkage between Sr6 and Ra in Wheat. Euphytica 36:221–224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kosambi DD (1944) The estimation of map distances from recombination values. Ann Eugen 12:172–175

    Google Scholar 

  • Lander ES, Green P, Abrahamson J, Barlow A, Daly MJ, Lincoln SE, Newburg L (1987) MAPMAKER: an interactive computer package for constructing primary genetic linkage maps of experimental and natural populations. Genomics 1:174–181

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu S, Zhang X, Pumphrey MO, Stack RW, Gill BS, Anderson JA (2006) Complex microcolinearity among wheat, rice, and barley revealed by fine mapping of the genomic region harboring a major QTL for resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat. Funct Integr Genomics 6:83–89

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loegering WQ (1966) The relationship between host and pathogen in stem rust of wheat. Hereditas 2:167–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Loegering WQ, Harmon DL (1969) Wheat lines near-isogenic for reaction to Puccinia graminis tritici. Phytopathology 59:456–460

    Google Scholar 

  • Leonard KJ (2001) Stem rust-future enemy? In: Peterson PD (ed) Stem rust of wheat: from ancient enemy to modern foe. APS Press, St. Paul, pp 119–146

    Google Scholar 

  • Luig NH, Rajaram S (1972) The effect of temperature and genetic background on host gene expression and interaction to Puccinia graminis tritici. Phytopathology 62:1171–1174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mago R, Bariana HS, Dundas IS, Spielmeyer W, Lawrence GJ, Pryor AJ, Ellis JG (2005) Development of PCR markers for the selection of wheat stem rust resistance genes Sr24 and Sr26 in diverse wheat germplasm. Theor Appl Genet 111:496–504

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh RA, Baker EP (1968) A linkage map for chromosome 2D. In: Proc 3rd Int Wheat Genet Symp, pp 305–309

  • McIntosh RA, Yamazaki Y, Devos KM, Dubcovsky J, Rogers J, Appels R (2003) Catalogue of gene symbols. http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/wgc/2003/. Cited 01 September 2008

  • McIntosh RA, Wellings CR, Park RF (1995) Wheat rusts: an atlas of resistance genes. CSIRO Press, Victoria

    Google Scholar 

  • McVey DV, Long DL, Roberts JJ (2002) Races of Puccinia graminis in the United States during 1997 and 1998. Plant Dis 86:568–572

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Melchinger AE (1990) Use of molecular markers in breeding for oligogenic disease resistance. Plant Breed 104:1–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Michelmore RW, Paran I, Kesseli RV (1991) Identification of markers linked to disease-resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis: a rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions by using segregating populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:9828–9832

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohan M, Nai S, Bhagwat A, Krishna TG, Yano M, Bhatia CR, Sasaki T (1997) Genome mapping, molecular markers and marker-assisted selection in crop plants. Mol Breed 3:87–103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pederson WL, Leath S (1988) Pyramiding major genes for resistance to maintain residual effects. Annu Rev Phytopathol 26:369–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pestsova E, Ganal MW, Röder MS (2000) Isolation and mapping of microsatellite markers specific for the D genome of bread wheat. Genome 43:689–697

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riede CR, Anderson JA (1996) Linkage of RFLP markers to an aluminum tolerance gene in wheat. Crop Sci 36:905–909

    Google Scholar 

  • Röder MS, Korzun V, Wendehake K, Plaschke J, Tixier MH, Leroy P, Ganal MW (1998) A microsatellite map of wheat. Genetics 149:2007–2023

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roelfs AP (1988a) Resistance to leaf rust and stem rust in wheat. In: Simmonds NW, Rajaram S (eds) Breeding strategies for resistance to the rusts of wheat. CIMMYT, Mexico, pp 10–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelfs AP (1988b) Genetic control of phenotypes in wheat Stem rust. Annu Rev Phytopathol 26:351–367

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelfs AP, Martens JW (1988) An international system of nomenclature for Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. Phytopathology 78:526–533

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roelfs AP, Long DL, Roberts JJ (1993) Races of Puccinia graminis in the United States during 1990. Plant Dis 77:125–128

    Google Scholar 

  • Sears ER (1954) The aneuploids of common wheat. Univ Mo Agric Exp Stn Res Bull 572:2–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Sears ER, Loegering WQ, Rodenhiser HA (1957) Identification of chromosomes carrying genes for stem rust resistance in four varieties of wheat. Agron J 49:208–212

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh RP, Hodson DP, Jin Y, Huerta-Espino J, Kinyua MG, Wanyera R, Njau P, Ward RW (2006) Current status, likely migration and strategies to mitigate the threat to wheat production from race Ug99 (TTKS) of stem rust pathogen. CABI Review. doi:10.1079/PAVSNNR20061054. http://www.cababstractsplus.org/cabreviews/. Cited 01 Sep 2008

  • Somers DJ, Isaac P, Edwards K (2004) A high-density microsatellite consensus map for bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Theor Appl Genet 109:1105–1114

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Song QJ, Shi JR, Singh S, Fickus EW, Costa JM, Lewis J, Gill BS, Ward R, Cregan PB (2005) Development and mapping of microsatellite (SSR) markers in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 110:550–560

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sourdille P, Singh S, Cadalen T, Brown-Guedira GL, Gay G, Qi L, Gill BS, Dufour P, Murigneux A, Bernard M (2004) Microsatellite-based deletion bin system for the establishment of genetic-physical map relationships in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Funct Integr Genomics 4:12–25

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stakman EC, Stewart DM, Loegering WQ (1962) Identification of physiological races of Puccinia graminis var. tritici. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service E-617

  • Tsilo TJ, Jin Y, Anderson JA (2007) Microsatellite markers linked to stem rust resistance allele Sr9a in wheat. Crop Sci 47:2013–2020

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsilo TJ, Jin Y, Anderson JA (2008) Diagnostic microsatellite markers for the detection of stem rust resistance gene Sr36 in diverse genetic backgrounds of wheat. Crop Sci 48:253–261

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wiggin HC (1955) Monosomic analysis of stem rust reaction and awn expression in Kentana 52 wheat. J Hered 46:239–242

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeven AC (1985) The genetics of auricle color of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): a review. Euphytica 34:233–236

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Lucille Wanschura for assistance in preparing the stem rust inoculum. Financial support for this work came from the Minnesota Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church, the Compton International Fellowship, National Research Foundation of South Africa, Department of Science and Technology of South Africa, Agricultural Research Council of South Africa, and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, 411 Borlaug Hall, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA

    Toi J. Tsilo & James A. Anderson

  2. Biosciences Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 1605 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND, 58105, USA

    Shiaoman Chao

  3. Cereal Disease Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA

    Yue Jin

Authors
  1. Toi J. Tsilo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shiaoman Chao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yue Jin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. James A. Anderson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to James A. Anderson.

Additional information

Communicated by D. Mather.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tsilo, T.J., Chao, S., Jin, Y. et al. Identification and validation of SSR markers linked to the stem rust resistance gene Sr6 on the short arm of chromosome 2D in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 118, 515–524 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-008-0917-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-008-0917-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation