Optimization of a car body component subjected to side impact

Abstract.

This paper explores structural optimization methods applied to a car side impact. The use of local and global approximation methods has been compared, resulting in a recommendation that global approximation methods should be used for this kind of transient loading problems.

The numerical simulations have been carried out using the explicit finite element program LS-DYNA.

The problem studied is the weight minimization of the B-pillar, situated between the front and the rear door of the car, without compromising the safety of the car occupants. All results are related to the original B-pillar in the SAAB 9⁵ car.

By using global approximations in the form of linear and quadratic response surfaces it is shown that the weight of the B-pillar can be reduced by 25% without the loss of safety.