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Tribological and mechanical behavior of AISI 316L lattice-supported structures produced by laser powder bed fusion

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Abstract

Combining the geometrical freedom provided by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), a powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (AM) process, and tailoring the mechanical properties by the use of lattice structures, many applications benefit from lightweight lattice structures such as aerospace and biomedical. Many different aspects of the lattice structures produced by L-PBF have been addressed in the literature including weight reduction, energy damping, compression behavior, manufacturability, and surface characteristics. Although lattices are seen as a promising design tool, the influence of using lattices inside the part surface on the wear behavior of L-PBF specimens has not yet been addressed in the literature. In this study, the effect of different lattice structures varying in unit cell geometry and size, built along different directions on the wear behavior, is addressed using AISI 316L powder processed with L-PBF. Moreover, to understand the wear behavior in detail, microhardness and compression testing of the samples were accomplished. As a result, it is found that the microhardness measurements change by only 5% on different build directions, whereas the lattice type is a significant factor regarding the modulus of elasticity and absorbed energy per unit volume. Moreover, it is concluded that although the coefficient of friction has an average value of 0.7, it does not vary depending on the tested factors, whereas the specific wear rate is influenced by the build direction and part geometry. Thus, for applications where tribological properties are important, the effect of heat dissipation and cooling rate leading to microstructural changes needs to be considered when utilizing L-PBF.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely thank SLM Solutions GmbH for their full support in this work and specifically Kamer Geyisi for her kind help.

Moreover, the authors give their special thanks to Prof. Dr. Osman Nuri Celik, Assoc. Prof. Dr. İbrahim Çelikyürek, and technician Akif Tutgun from Eskisehir Osmangazi University.

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge that this study is a result of research carried out under TUBITAK ARDEB 1002 Program with a project number of 119M781.

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Evren Yasa, conceptualization, methodology, data analysis, resources, funding acquisition, and writing — original draft; M. Gökçe Ay, investigation and writing — review and editing; Anıl Türkseven, investigation.

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Correspondence to Evren Yasa.

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Yasa, E., Ay, G.M. & Türkseven, A. Tribological and mechanical behavior of AISI 316L lattice-supported structures produced by laser powder bed fusion. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 118, 1733–1748 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-08069-0

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