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Analytical methods for the determination of halogens in bioanalytical sciences: a review

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Abstract

Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine have been studied in biological samples and other related matrices owing to the need to understand the biochemical effects in living organisms. In this review, the works published in last 20 years are covered, and the main topics related to sample preparation methods and analytical techniques commonly used for fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine determination in biological samples, food, drugs, and plants used as food or with medical applications are discussed. The commonest sample preparation methods, as extraction and decomposition using combustion and pyrohydrolysis, are reviewed, as well as spectrometric and electroanalytical techniques, spectrophotometry, total reflection X-ray fluorescence, neutron activation analysis, and separation systems using chromatography and electrophoresis. On this aspect, the main analytical challenges and drawbacks are highlighted. A discussion related to the availability of certified reference materials for evaluation of accuracy is also included, as well as a discussion of the official methods used as references for the determination of halogens in the samples covered in this review.

Methods commonly used for determination of F, Cl, Br, and I in samples relevant to bioanalytical sciences

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Abbreviations

AAS:

Atomic absorption spectrometry

CE:

Capillary electrophoresis

CRM:

Certified reference material

CS-AAS:

Continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry

CS-MAS:

Continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry

CZE:

Capillary zone electrophoresis

GC:

Gas chromatography

HR-ICP-MS:

High-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

IC:

Ion chromatography

ICP:

Inductively coupled plasma

INAA:

Instrumental neutron activation analysis

ISE:

Ion-selective electrode

LC:

Liquid chromatography

LOD:

Limit of detection

MAS:

Molecular absorption spectrometry

MIC:

Microwave-induced combustion

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MS/MS:

Tandem mass spectrometry

NAA:

Neutron activation analysis

OES:

Optical emission spectrometry

TMAH:

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide

TXRF:

Total reflection X-ray fluorescence

UV:

Ultraviolet

UV–vis:

Ultraviolet–visible

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica (INCT-Bioanalítica), and Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) for funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil

    Paola A. Mello, Fabio A. Duarte, Cezar A. Bizzi, Liange O. Diehl, Edson I. Muller & Erico M. M. Flores

  2. Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil

    Juliano S. Barin

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  1. Paola A. Mello
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Correspondence to Erico M. M. Flores.

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Published in the topical collection (Bio) Analytical Research in Latin America with guest editors Marco A. Zezzi Arruda and Lauro Kubota.

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Mello, P.A., Barin, J.S., Duarte, F.A. et al. Analytical methods for the determination of halogens in bioanalytical sciences: a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 405, 7615–7642 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-7077-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-7077-9

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