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A review of wood thermal pretreatments to improve wood composite properties

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An Erratum to this article was published on 05 September 2013

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to review the published literature on improving properties of wood composites through thermal pretreatment of wood. Thermal pretreatment has been conducted in moist environments using hot water or steam at temperatures up to 180 and 230 °C, respectively, or in dry environments using inert gases at temperatures up to 240 °C. In these conditions, hemicelluloses are removed, crystallinity index of cellulose is increased, and cellulose degree of polymerization is reduced, while lignin is not considerably affected. Thermally modified wood has been used to manufacture wood–plastic composites, particleboard, oriented strand board, binderless panels, fiberboard, waferboard, and flakeboard. Thermal pretreatment considerably reduced water absorption and thickness swelling of wood composites, which has been attributed mainly to the removal of hemicelluloses. Mechanical properties have been increased or sometimes reduced, depending on the product and the conditions of the pretreatment. Thermal pretreatment has also shown to improve the resistance of composites to decay.

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Acknowledgments

This project was funded through the USDA Forest Service Research and Development Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts 2009 Grant Program. M.R. Pelaez-Samaniego acknowledges the Fulbright Faculty Development Program Scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biological Systems Engineering Department, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA

    Manuel Raul Pelaez-Samaniego

  2. Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador

    Manuel Raul Pelaez-Samaniego

  3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA

    Vikram Yadama

  4. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR, USA

    Eini Lowell

  5. Faculty of Wood Technology, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico

    Raul Espinoza-Herrera

  6. Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA

    Vikram Yadama

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  1. Manuel Raul Pelaez-Samaniego
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Pelaez-Samaniego, M.R., Yadama, V., Lowell, E. et al. A review of wood thermal pretreatments to improve wood composite properties. Wood Sci Technol 47, 1285–1319 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-013-0574-3

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