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Numerical simulation of forced convection of nanofluid in a confined jet

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Abstract

In this paper two-dimensional incompressible water–Al2O3 nanofluid flow in a confined jet in the laminar flow regime is numerically investigated. A finite volume technique on a collocated grid is employed for discretizing the governing equations by applying the SIMPLE algorithm to link the pressure and velocity fields. The present computations are in a very good agreement with experimental results in open literature.

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Abbreviations

AR :

Aspect ratio (=h/d)

c 1, c 2 , c 3 , c 4 :

Constant parameter

c p :

Specific heat (kJ/kg K)

d :

Jet length (m)

d f :

Diameter of base fluid molecules (m)

d p :

Average diameter of nanoparticles (m)

h :

Height of channel (m)

i, j :

Indices

k :

Thermal conductivity (W/m K)

k b :

Boltzmann number (=1.3807 × 10−23 J/K)

l f :

Free average distance of water molecules (m)

N :

Parameter for adapting the results with experimental data

Nu :

Nusselt number

P :

Pressure (Pa)

Pr :

Prandtl number of nanofluid

Q :

Heat flux (W/m2)

Re :

Reynolds number

T :

Temperature (K)

T B :

Bulk temperature of nanofluid (K)

V b :

Brownian velocity of nanoparticles (m/s)

u :

Horizontal velocity (m/s)

v :

Vertical velocity (m/s)

α:

Thermal diffusivity (m2/s)

δ:

Center to center distance of nanoparticles (m)

δ ij :

Kronecker delta

Φ:

Volume fraction (%)

φ:

Thermal dissipation

μ:

Viscosity (Pa s)

ρ:

Density (kg/m3)

τ:

Stress tensor (Pa)

avg :

Average

f :

Base fluid

in :

Inlet

nf :

Nanofluid

p :

Particle

w :

Wall

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Babol University of Technology, POB 484, Babol, Iran

    M. Rahimi-Esbo, A. A. Ranjbar, A. Ramiar & M. Rahgoshay

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  1. M. Rahimi-Esbo
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  2. A. A. Ranjbar
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  3. A. Ramiar
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  4. M. Rahgoshay
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Correspondence to A. A. Ranjbar.

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Rahimi-Esbo, M., Ranjbar, A.A., Ramiar, A. et al. Numerical simulation of forced convection of nanofluid in a confined jet. Heat Mass Transfer 48, 1995–2005 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-012-1040-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-012-1040-8

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