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Thermal performance analysis of a flat heat pipe working with carbon nanotube-water nanofluid for cooling of a high heat flux heater

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Abstract

Experimental investigation on the thermal performance of a flat heat pipe working with carbon nanotube nanofluid is conducted. It is used for cooling a heater working at high heat flux conditions up to 190 kW/m2. The heat pipe is fabricated from aluminium and is equipped with rectangular fin for efficient cooling of condenser section. Inside the heat pipe, a screen mesh was inserted as a wick structure to facilitate the capillary action of working fluid. Influence of different operating parameters such as heat flux, mass concentration of carbon nanotubes and filling ratio of working fluid on thermal performance of heat pipe and its thermal resistance are investigated. Results showed that with an increase in heat flux, the heat transfer coefficient in evaporator section of the heat pipe increases. For filling ratio, however, there is an optimum value, which was 0.8 for the test heat pipe. In addition, CNT/water enhanced the heat transfer coefficient up to 40% over the deionized water. Carbon nanotubes intensified the thermal performance of wick structure by creating a fouling layer on screen mesh structure, which changes the contact angle of liquid with the surface, intensifying the capillary forces.

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Abbreviations

I:

Current, A

L:

Length (height of heat pipe), m

h:

Heat transfer coefficient, W/m2. K

q:

Heat flux, kW/m2

Q:

Applied heat, Watt

R:

Thermal resistance of the heat pipe, K/W

T:

Temperature, K or °C

V:

Voltage, v

a:

Adiabatic

e:

Evaporator

c:

Condenser

DI:

Deionized

HTE:

Heat transfer enhancement

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Acknowledgements

Authors of this work tend to dedicate this article to imam Mahdi and appreciate Semnan University for their financial supports.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering and Technology, Purdue University, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    A. Arya

  2. Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

    M. M. Sarafraz & V. Nikkhah

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, 77710, USA

    S. Shahmiri

  4. School of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Energy Conversion, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, 16846-13114, Iran

    S. A. H. Madani

  5. Department of Toxico/Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti School of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran

    S. M. Nakhjavani

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  1. A. Arya
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Correspondence to M. M. Sarafraz.

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Arya, A., Sarafraz, M.M., Shahmiri, S. et al. Thermal performance analysis of a flat heat pipe working with carbon nanotube-water nanofluid for cooling of a high heat flux heater. Heat Mass Transfer 54, 985–997 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-017-2201-6

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