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Marine bacteria: potential candidates for enhanced bioremediation

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Abstract

Bacteria are widespread in nature as they can adapt to any extreme environmental conditions and perform various physiological activities. Marine environments are one of the most adverse environments owing to their varying nature of temperature, pH, salinity, sea surface temperature, currents, precipitation regimes and wind patterns. Due to the constant variation of environmental conditions, the microorganisms present in that environment are more suitably adapted to the adverse conditions, hence, possessing complex characteristic features of adaptation. Therefore, the bacteria isolated from the marine environments are supposed to be better utilized in bioremediation of heavy metals, hydrocarbon and many other recalcitrant compounds and xenobiotics through biofilm formation and production of extracellular polymeric substances. Many marine bacteria have been reported to have bioremediation potential. The advantage of using marine bacteria for bioremediation in situ is the direct use of organisms in any adverse conditions without any genetic manipulation. This review emphasizes the utilization of marine bacteria in the field of bioremediation and understanding the mechanism behind acquiring the characteristic feature of adaptive responses.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the authorities of NIT, Rourkela for providing facilities. H.R.D., N.M., and J.C. gratefully acknowledge the receipt of research fellowship from the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. S.K. thanks the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India for a research fellowship. S.D. acknowledges the research grant on utilization of marine bacterial biofilm for enhanced bioremediation from the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India.

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  1. Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology (LEnME), Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769 008, Orissa, India

    Hirak R. Dash, Neelam Mangwani, Jaya Chakraborty, Supriya Kumari & Surajit Das

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Dash, H.R., Mangwani, N., Chakraborty, J. et al. Marine bacteria: potential candidates for enhanced bioremediation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97, 561–571 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-4584-0

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