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Round-robin measurements of two candidate materials for a Seebeck coefficient Standard Reference Material™

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Abstract

A Standard Reference Material (SRM™) for the Seebeck coefficient is critical for inter-laboratory data comparison and for instrument calibration. To develop this SRM™, we have conducted an international round-robin measurement survey of two candidate materials—undoped Bi2Te3 and constantan (55% Cu and 45% Ni alloy). Measurements were performed in two rounds by twelve laboratories involved in active thermoelectric research using a number of commercial and custom-built measurement systems and techniques. We report the results of these measurements and the statistical analysis performed. Based on this extensive study, we have selected Bi2Te3 as the prototype standard material.

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References

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA

    N. D. Lowhorn, W. Wong-Ng, W. Zhang, Z. Q. Lu, M. Otani, E. Thomas & M. Green

  2. Naval Surface Warfare Center, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA

    T. N. Tran

  3. Quantum Design, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA

    N. Dilley

  4. Hi-Z Technology, Inc., San Diego, CA, 92126, USA

    S. Ghamaty & N. Elsner

  5. Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    T. Hogan & A. D. Downey

  6. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA

    Q. Jie & Q. Li

  7. Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Ibaraki, Japan

    H. Obara

  8. Marlow Industries, Inc., Dallas, TX, 75238, USA

    J. Sharp

  9. Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA

    C. Caylor & R. Venkatasubramanian

  10. United Technologies, East Hartford, CT, 06108, USA

    R. Willigan

  11. General Motors R&D Center, Warren, MI, 48090, USA

    J. Yang

  12. Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA

    J. Martin & G. Nolas

  13. Department of Physics, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA

    B. Edwards & T. Tritt

Authors
  1. N. D. Lowhorn
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  2. W. Wong-Ng
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  3. W. Zhang
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  4. Z. Q. Lu
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  5. M. Otani
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  6. E. Thomas
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  7. M. Green
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  8. T. N. Tran
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  9. N. Dilley
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  10. S. Ghamaty
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  11. N. Elsner
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  12. T. Hogan
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  13. A. D. Downey
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  14. Q. Jie
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  15. Q. Li
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  16. H. Obara
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  17. J. Sharp
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  18. C. Caylor
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  19. R. Venkatasubramanian
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  20. R. Willigan
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  21. J. Yang
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  22. J. Martin
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  23. G. Nolas
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  24. B. Edwards
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  25. T. Tritt
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to W. Wong-Ng.

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Lowhorn, N.D., Wong-Ng, W., Zhang, W. et al. Round-robin measurements of two candidate materials for a Seebeck coefficient Standard Reference Material™ . Appl. Phys. A 94, 231–234 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-008-4876-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-008-4876-5

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