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The relationship between the dietary inflammatory index and prevalence of radiographic symptomatic osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate whether higher dietary inflammatory index (DII®) scores were associated with higher prevalence of radiographic symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in a large cohort of North American people from the Osteoarthritis Initiative database.

Methods

A total of 4358 community-dwelling participants (2527 females; mean age 61.2 years) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were identified. DII® scores were calculated using the validated Block Brief 2000 Food-Frequency Questionnaire and scores were categorized into quartiles. Knee radiographic symptomatic osteoarthritis was diagnosed clinically and radiologically. The strength of association between divided into quartiles (DII®) and knee osteoarthritis was investigated through a logistic regression analysis, which adjusted for potential confounders, and results were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

Participants with a higher DII® score, indicating a more pro-inflammatory diet, had a significantly higher prevalence of radiographic symptomatic knee osteoarthritis compared to those with lower DII® score (quartile 4: 35.4% vs. quartile 1: 24.0%; p < 0.0001). Using a logistic regression analysis, adjusting for 11 potential confounders, participants with the highest DII® score (quartile 4) had a significantly higher probability of experiencing radiographic symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.14–1.72; p = 0.002) compared to participants with the lowest DII® score (quartile 1).

Conclusions

Higher DII® values are associated with higher prevalence of radiographic symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. James R. Hébert owns controlling interest in Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI), a company planning to license the right to his invention of the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) from the University of South Carolina to develop computer and smart phone applications for patient counseling and dietary intervention in clinical settings. Dr. Nitin Shivappa is an employee of CHI.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Nicola Veronese and Nitin Shivappa equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aging Branch, Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council-CNR, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy

    Nicola Veronese & Stefania Maggi

  2. Ambulatory of Clinical Nutrition, Research Hospital, IRCCS “S. de Bellis”, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy

    Nicola Veronese

  3. Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA

    Nitin Shivappa & James R. Hébert

  4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA

    Nitin Shivappa & James R. Hébert

  5. Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC, 29201, USA

    Nitin Shivappa & James R. Hébert

  6. Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK

    Brendon Stubbs

  7. Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK

    Brendon Stubbs

  8. Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Bishop Hall Lane, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, UK

    Brendon Stubbs

  9. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK

    Toby Smith

  10. Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK

    Cyrus Cooper

  11. MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK

    Cyrus Cooper

  12. National Institute for Health Research Nutrition Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK

    Cyrus Cooper

  13. Department of Radiology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy

    Giuseppe Guglielmi

  14. Department of Radiology, Scientific Institute “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza” Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy

    Giuseppe Guglielmi

  15. Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liege, CHU Sart Tilman B23, 4000, Liège, Belgium

    Jean-Yves Reginster

  16. Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland

    Renè Rizzoli

Authors
  1. Nicola Veronese
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  2. Nitin Shivappa
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  3. Brendon Stubbs
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  4. Toby Smith
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  5. James R. Hébert
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  6. Cyrus Cooper
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  7. Giuseppe Guglielmi
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  8. Jean-Yves Reginster
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  9. Renè Rizzoli
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  10. Stefania Maggi
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Contributions

Analysis and interpretation of data: Veronese, Solmi, and Shivappa. Draft of the article: Stubbs, Veronese, Smith, Maggi, and Solmi. Critical revision for important intellectual content: Cooper, Smith, Guglielmi, Reginster, Rizzoli, and Hébert. All authors approved the version submitted.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicola Veronese.

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Funding

The OAI is a public–private partnership comprised of five contracts (N01-AR-2-2258; N01-AR-2-2259; N01-AR-2-2260; N01-AR-2-2261; and N01-AR-2-2262) funded by the National Institutes of Health, a branch of the Department of Health and Human Services, and conducted by the OAI Study Investigators. Private funding partners include Merck Research Laboratories; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, GlaxoSmithKline; and Pfizer, Inc. Private sector funding for the OAI is managed by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health. This manuscript was prepared using an OAI public use data set and does not necessarily reflect the opinions or views of the OAI investigators, the NIH, or the private funding partners. NS and JRH were supported by the United States National Institute for Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (Grant No. R44DK103377). Sponsor’s role: the sponsors had no role in the design, methods, subject recruitment, data collection, analysis, or preparation of this paper.

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Veronese, N., Shivappa, N., Stubbs, B. et al. The relationship between the dietary inflammatory index and prevalence of radiographic symptomatic osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Eur J Nutr 58, 253–260 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1589-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-017-1589-6

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