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Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A epoxy resin–polyether sulfone/polyether sulfone ether ketone blends: phase morphology, fracture toughness and thermo-mechanical properties

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Abstract

The properties of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A epoxy resin toughened with poly(ether sulfone ether ketone) (PESEK) and poly(ether sulfone) (PES) polymers were investigated. PESEK was synthesised by the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 4,4’-difluorobenzophenone with dihydroxydiphenylsulfone using sulfolane as solvent and potassium carbonate as catalyst at 230 °C. The T g–composition behaviour of the homogeneous epoxy resin/PESEK blend was modelled using Fox, Gordon–Taylor and Kelley–Bueche equations. A single relaxation near the glass transition of epoxy resin was observed in all the blend systems. From dynamic mechanical analysis, the crosslink density of the blends was found to decrease with increase in the thermoplastic concentration. The storage modulus of the epoxy/PESEK blends was lower than that of neat resin, whilst it is higher for epoxy/PES blends up to glass transition temperature, thereafter it decreases. Scanning electron microscopic studies of the blends revealed a homogeneous morphology. The homogeneity of the blends was attributed to the similarity in chemical structure of the modifier and the cured epoxy network and due to the H-bonding interactions between the blend components. The fracture toughness of epoxy resin increased on blending with PESEK and PES. The increase in fracture toughness was due to the increase in ductility of the matrix. The thermal stability of the blends was comparable to that of neat epoxy resin.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the authorities of Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre for giving permission to publish this article. One of the authors (Bejoy Francis) is thankful to CSIR, New Delhi for providing Senior Research Fellowship. Thanks are also due to Analytical and Spectroscopy Division, VSSC and Sreechitra Thirunal Institute for Medical Science and Technology for analytical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymers and Special Chemicals Division, Propellants and Special Chemicals Group, Propellants Chemicals and Materials Entity, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695 022, India

    Bejoy Francis, R. Ramaswamy & V. Lakshmana Rao

  2. School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills P. O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India

    Sabu Thomas & Selvin P. Thomas

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  1. Bejoy Francis
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  2. Sabu Thomas
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  3. Selvin P. Thomas
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  4. R. Ramaswamy
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  5. V. Lakshmana Rao
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Correspondence to Sabu Thomas.

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Francis, B., Thomas, S., Thomas, S.P. et al. Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A epoxy resin–polyether sulfone/polyether sulfone ether ketone blends: phase morphology, fracture toughness and thermo-mechanical properties. Colloid Polym Sci 285, 83–93 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-006-1537-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-006-1537-0

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