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Hydrous partial melting in the sheeted dike complex at fast spreading ridges: experimental and natural observations

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Abstract

In ophiolites and in present-day oceanic crust formed at fast spreading ridges, oceanic plagiogranites are commonly observed at, or close to the base of the sheeted dike complex. They can be produced either by differentiation of mafic melts, or by hydrous partial melting of the hydrothermally altered sheeted dikes. In addition, the hydrothermally altered base of the sheeted dike complex, which is often infiltrated by plagiogranitic veins, is usually recrystallized into granoblastic dikes that are commonly interpreted as a result of prograde granulitic metamorphism. To test the anatectic origin of oceanic plagiogranites, we performed melting experiments on a natural hydrothermally altered dike, under conditions that match those prevailing at the base of the sheeted dike complex. All generated melts are water saturated, transitional between tholeiitic and calc-alkaline, and match the compositions of oceanic plagiogranites observed close to the base of the sheeted dike complex. Newly crystallized clinopyroxene and plagioclase have compositions that are characteristic of the same minerals in granoblastic dikes. Published silicic melt compositions obtained in classical MORB fractionation experiments also broadly match the compositions of oceanic plagiogranites; however, the compositions of the coexisting experimental minerals significantly deviate from those of the granoblastic dikes. Our results demonstrate that hydrous partial melting is a likely common process in the root zone of the sheeted dike complex, starting at temperatures exceeding 850°C. The newly formed melt can either crystallize to form oceanic plagiogranites or may be recycled within the melt lens resulting in hybridized and contaminated MORB melts. It represents the main MORB crustal contamination process. The residue after the partial melting event is represented by the granoblastic dikes. Our results support a model with a dynamic melt lens that has the potential to trigger hydrous partial melting reactions in the previously hydrothermally altered sheeted dikes. A new thermometer using the Al content of clinopyroxene is also elaborated.

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Acknowledgments

We express our warm thanks to the various people involved at different technical stages of this work: Otto Diedrich for his beautiful thin sections, Wanja Dziony for his assistance with the microprobe analyses, and Tatiana Shishkina for her assistance with the FTIR analyses. Constructive reviews by Etienne Médard, Craig Lundstrom, and an anonymous reviewer are gratefully acknowledged. Dr Salim Al Busaidi, Director General of Minerals, Ministry of Commerce and Industry of the Sultanate of Oman, for allowing us to conduct field work in the Oman ophiolite.

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  1. Lydéric France

    Present address: Géosciences et Environnement Cergy, Université Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay Lussac, Neuville sur Oise, 95031, Cergy-Pontoise cedex, France

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Géosciences Montpellier, CNRS, Université Montpellier 2, CC60, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 05, France

    Lydéric France & Benoit Ildefonse

  2. Institut für Mineralogie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstrasse 3, 30167, Hannover, Germany

    Lydéric France, Juergen Koepke & Sarah B. Cichy

  3. LGCA UMR CNRS 5025, Université Joseph-Fourier, BP 53, 38041, Grenoble cedex, France

    Fabien Deschamps

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  1. Lydéric France
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  2. Juergen Koepke
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  3. Benoit Ildefonse
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  4. Sarah B. Cichy
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  5. Fabien Deschamps
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Correspondence to Lydéric France.

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Communicated by J. Hoefs.

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France, L., Koepke, J., Ildefonse, B. et al. Hydrous partial melting in the sheeted dike complex at fast spreading ridges: experimental and natural observations. Contrib Mineral Petrol 160, 683–704 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-010-0502-6

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