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Effect of Moringa oleifera lectins on survival and enzyme activities of Aedes aegypti larvae susceptible and resistant to organophosphate

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Abstract

The indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides to control Aedes aegypti has led to emergence of resistant populations. Moringa oleifera seeds contain the lectins WSMoL and cMoL. WSMoL has larvicidal activity on fourth-stage of A. aegypti organophosphate-susceptible larvae (Rockefeller L4). This study reports on the effects of cMoL on the survival of Rockefeller L4 as well as of WSMoL and cMoL on L4 from an organophosphate-resistant population (Rec-R). The effects of lectins on digestive (amylase, trypsin, and protease) and detoxifying (superoxide dismutase (SOD), α- and β-esterases) enzymes from larvae were also determined. cMoL (0.1–0.8 mg/ml) did not kill Rockefeller L4 as well as WSMoL and cMoL (0.1–0.8 mg/ml) were not larvicidal for Rec-R L4. WSMoL stimulated protease, trypsin-like, and α-amylase from Rockefeller L4 while cMoL inhibited these enzymes. WSMoL had no effect on trypsin-like activity from Rec-R L4 but inhibited protease and α-amylase. Among digestive enzymes of Rec-R L4, cMoL inhibited only trypsin-like activity. cMoL inhibited SOD activities from Rockefeller and Rec-R L4 in a higher level than WSMoL while β-esterase from Rockefeller L4 was more inhibited by WSMoL. The lectins promoted low stimulation or inhibition of α-esterase activities from both populations. In conclusion, Rockefeller and Rec-R larvae were distinctly affected by M. oleifera lectins, and larvicidal mechanism of WSMoL on Rockefeller L4 may involve deregulation of digestive enzymes. cMoL interfered mainly on SOD activity and thus it can be investigated as a synergistic agent for controlling populations whose resistance is linked to an increased detoxifying process mediated by this enzyme.

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Acknowledgments

The authors express their gratitude to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for research grants and fellowships (CMFO, LCBBC, and PMGP). We are also grateful to the Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco (FACEPE), the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), and the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) for financial support. A.C. Agra-Neto would like to thank CAPES for graduate scholarship. E.V. Pontual would like to thank FACEPE and CAPES for post-doctoral scholarship. N.D.L. Santos and L.A. Luz would like to thank FACEPE for graduate scholarships.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Bioquímica, CCB, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

    Afonso Cordeiro Agra-Neto, Thiago Henrique Napoleão, Emmanuel Viana Pontual, Nataly Diniz de Lima Santos, Luciana de Andrade Luz, Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso Coelho & Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva

  2. Departamento de Entomologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

    Cláudia Maria Fontes de Oliveira & Maria Alice Varjal de Melo-Santos

  3. Departamento de Química Fundamental, CCEN, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

    Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro

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  1. Afonso Cordeiro Agra-Neto
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  2. Thiago Henrique Napoleão
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  3. Emmanuel Viana Pontual
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  6. Cláudia Maria Fontes de Oliveira
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  8. Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso Coelho
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  9. Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro
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  10. Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
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Correspondence to Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva.

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Agra-Neto, A.C., Napoleão, T.H., Pontual, E.V. et al. Effect of Moringa oleifera lectins on survival and enzyme activities of Aedes aegypti larvae susceptible and resistant to organophosphate. Parasitol Res 113, 175–184 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3640-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3640-8

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