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Correlation of allochthonous terranes and major tectonostratigraphic domains between NW Iberia and the Bohemian Massif, European Variscan belt

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Abstract

The NW Iberian Allochthon and the Teplá-Barrandian and Moldanubian zones represent the internal parts of the Variscan belt in their respective domains. A correlation based on the lithological association, protolith ages, metamorphic evolution, detrital zircon age spectra and tectonic setting is attempted between the NW Iberian Massif and SE Bohemian Massif in order to check whether they could have formed part of the same allochthonous stack. The Galicia-Trás-os-Montes Zone of the Iberian Massif and the internal zones of the Bohemian Massif include from bottom to top a Parautochthon and Lower Allochthon representing the outer edge of the northern Gondwana margin, an oceanic Middle Allochthon with Cambro-Ordovician and Early Devonian ophiolites and an Upper Allochthon interpreted as a peri-Gondwanan terrane. Early Variscan, subduction-related high-pressure metamorphism characterizes many of the allochthonous units, with ages younging from the structurally upper to the lower units from 400–385 Ma to 370–360 Ma, respectively. High- and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism occurred also in the Saxothuringian Autochthon at 360–340 Ma, but not in the NW Iberian Autochthon. The different behavior of the Autochthon in the Iberian and Bohemian massifs accounts for their distinct evolutions from 360 Ma onward. We conclude that the Upper Allochthon was a unique peri-Gondwanan terrane, whereas the Middle Allochthon represents units of the same peri-Gondwanan ocean, opened at the Cambro-Ordovician boundary, and having recorded localized renewed activity in the Silurian–Early Devonian. No other oceans separated the Lower Allochthon, Parautochthon and Autochthon.

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[Modified from Martínez Catalán et al. (2007)]

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[Modified from Franke and Żelaźniewicz (2002) and Mazur et al. (2015)]

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Acknowledgements

This contribution was funded by research project CGL2016-78560-P of the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, in the frame of the National Plan of Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2013–2016. JRMC acknowledges a Program XII grant of the University of Salamanca that allowed research stays in universities and laboratories of Rennes, Strasbourg, Prague, Dresden and Wrocław during the academic year 2017–2018. SC and KS additionally acknowledge funding by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (GAČR: 17-22207S). Jürgen von Raumer and an anonymous reviewer contributed to correct errors, clarify concepts and improve the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, University de Salamanca, 37008, Salamanca, Spain

    José R. Martínez Catalán

  2. Centre for Lithospheric Research, Czech Geological Survey, Prague, Czechia

    Stephen Collett & Karel Schulmann

  3. Institute de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, IPGS–UMR 7516, CNRS et Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

    Karel Schulmann

  4. Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland

    Pawel Aleksandrowski

  5. Polish Geological Institute–National Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland

    Pawel Aleksandrowski

  6. Institute of Geological Sciences PAS, Research Centre in Kraków, Senacka 1, 31-002, Kraków, Poland

    Stanislaw Mazur

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  1. José R. Martínez Catalán
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Martínez Catalán, J.R., Collett, S., Schulmann, K. et al. Correlation of allochthonous terranes and major tectonostratigraphic domains between NW Iberia and the Bohemian Massif, European Variscan belt. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 109, 1105–1131 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-019-01800-z

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