Abstract
A field survey was carried out to investigate the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi associated with Gnetum spp. in Cameroon. The extent and variation of ectomycorrhizal colonisation as well as the degree of host specificity were evaluated. Gnetum spp. were found to be almost always ectomycorrhizal in all sites visited. There were just two ectomycorrhizal morphotypes (‘yellow’ and ‘white’) associated with this plant. Such low diversity is unusual for an ectomycorrhizal plant. The yellow morphotype was the most widespread and prevalent and was identified by morphological and molecular methods to have been formed with Scleroderma sinnamariense. Propagules of this fungus were present in soil collected from farm lands, cocoa plantations, Chromolaena and bush fallows, as well as in a relatively undisturbed forest harbouring ectomycorrhizal legumes. The fungus responsible for the white morphotype was identified as also belonging to the genus Scleroderma by ITS sequence similarity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal structures were absent in cleared and stained portions of the roots.
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Acknowledgements
This study was funded by the Association of Commonwealth Universities. We would like to acknowledge the assistance given by Dr. Neree Awana Onguene of IRAD, Yaoundé during the field work. We also acknowledge the assistance of the management and staff of IRAD Nkolbisson, Yaoundé and those of the Limbe Botanic Garden. We thank Dr. Lee Su See for providing the material from FRIM. We do acknowledge help from Dr. Ian Anderson with molecular work. We also sincerely thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.
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Bechem, E.E.T., Alexander, I.J. Mycorrhiza status of Gnetum spp. in Cameroon: evaluating diversity with a view to ameliorating domestication efforts. Mycorrhiza 22, 99–108 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-011-0384-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-011-0384-0