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Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) in Pb–Zn mine sites of central south China

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Abstract

To advance our understanding of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in mining areas, the diversity and composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) and soil chemistry were investigated in Taolin lead–zinc (Pb–Zn) mine tailings (TLT), two fragmented forest patches in a Huayuan Pb–Zn mineland (HY1 and HY2), and a non-polluted forest in Taolin in central south China. Ectomycorrhizal fungal species were identified by morphotyping and sequence analyses of the internally transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA. The two study sites in the Huayuan mineland (HY1 and HY2) were significantly different in soil Pb, Zn, and cadmium (Cd) concentrations, but no significant difference was observed in ectomycorrhizal colonization, ectomycorrhizal fungal richness, diversity, or rank–abundance. In addition, the similarity of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities between HY1 and HY2 was quite high (Sørensen similarity index = 0.47). Thus, the concentration of heavy metals may not be determining factors in the structure of these communities. In the tailings, however, significantly lower ectomycorrhizal colonization and ectomycorrhizal fungal richness were observed. The amounts of Pb and Zn in the tailing sand were higher than the non-polluted forest but far lower than in HY1. Thus, these heavy metals did not account for the reduced colonization and ectomycorrhizal fungal richness in TLT. The ectomycorrhizal fungal community in TLT was dominated by four pioneer species (Rhizopogon buenoi, Tomentella ellisii, Inocybe curvipes, and Suillus granulatus), which collectively accounted for 93.2 % of root tip colonization. The immature soil conditions in tailing (low N and P, sand texture, and lack of organic matter) may only allow certain pioneer ectomycorrhizal fungal species to colonize the site. When soil samples from four sites were combined, we found that the occurrences of major ectomycorrhizal fungal taxa were not clearly related to the concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd. In conclusion, our results suggest that ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in mining areas are not necessarily affected by heavy metals themselves but could be largely determined by soil maturity.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by grants-in-aid from the Japan Society of the Promotion of Sciences (JSPS). We sincerely thank Mr. Jun Wang, a doctoral student of Central South University, China, for assistance in field sampling. We also thank Dr. Takahide A. Ishida and Prof. Taizo Hogetsu for critical reading of this manuscript and helpful suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, University of Tokyo, 1-1-8 Midoricho, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan

    Jian Huang, Chunlan Lian & Kun Zong

  2. Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8563, Japan

    Kazuhide Nara

  3. Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Changsha, 410004, China

    Kejian Peng

  4. School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Shengguo Xue

  5. College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Zhenguo Shen

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  1. Jian Huang
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Correspondence to Chunlan Lian.

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Huang, J., Nara, K., Lian, C. et al. Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) in Pb–Zn mine sites of central south China. Mycorrhiza 22, 589–602 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-012-0436-0

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