Abstract
In this review, we describe briefly the historical development of aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries, the advantages and challenges associated with the use of aqueous electrolytes in lithium rechargeable battery with an emphasis on the electrochemical performance of various electrode materials. The following materials have been studied as cathode materials: LiMn2O4, MnO2, LiNiO2, LiCoO2, LiMnPO4, LiFePO4, and anatase TiO2. Addition of certain additives like TiS2, TiB2, CeO2, etc. is found to increase the performance of MnO2 cathode. The following materials have been studied as anode materials: VO2 (B), LiV3O8, LiV2O5, LiTi2(PO4)3, TiP2O3, and very recently conducting polymer, polypyrrole (PPy). The cell PPy/LiCoO2, constructed using polypyrrole as anode delivers an average voltage of 0.86 V with a discharge capacity of 47.7 mA h g−1. It retains the capacity for first 120 cycles. The cell, LiTi2(PO4)3/1 M Li2SO4/LiMn2O4, delivers a capacity of 40 mA h g−1 and specific energy of 60 mW h g−1 with an output voltage of 1.5 V over 200 charge–discharge cycles. An aqueous lithium cell constructed using MWCNTs/LiMn2O4 as cathode material is found to exhibit more than 1,000 cycles with good rate capability.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Pasquier AD, Plitz I, Menocal S, Amatucci G (2003) J Power Sources 115:171
Chau KT, Wong YS, Chan CC (1999) Energy Convers Manage 40:1021
Frost PC (1999) J Power Sources 78:256
Gifford P, Adams J, Corrigan D, Venkatesan S (1999) J Power Sources 80:157
Wade EJ (1902) Secondary batteries: the electrician, London. Van Nostrand, New York
Barak M (ed) (1980) Electrochemical power sources. Peter Peregrins, London
Wakihara M (2001) Mater Sci Eng Rep 33:109
Li W, Dahn JR, Wainwright DS (1994) Science 264:1115
Glanze J (1994) Science 264:1084
Li W, Dahn JR (1995) J Electrochem Soc 142:1742
Zhang M, Dahn JR (1996) J Electrochem Soc 143:2730
Li W, Mckinnon WR, Dahn JR (1994) J Electrochem Soc 141:2310
Mckinnon WR, Hearing RR (2007) In: White RE, Bockris J‘O’M, Conway BE (eds) Modern aspects of electrochemistry. No.15. Plenum press, New York
Lee J-W, Pyun S-Il (2004) Electrochim Acta 49:753
Aurbach D, Gamolsky K, Markovsky B, Salitra G, Gofer Y, Heider U, Oesten R, Schmidt M (2000) J Electrochem Soc 147:1322
Zhang SS, Xu K, Jow TR (2002) J Electrochem Soc 149:A1521
Nakayama N, Nozaw T, Iriyama Y, Abe T, Ogumi Z, Kikuchi K (2007) J Power Sources 174:695
Bruce PG, Saidi MY (1992) J Electroanal Chem 322:93
Nakayama N, Nozawa T, Iriyama Y, Abe T, Ogumi Z, Kikuchi K (2007) J Power Sources 174:695
Nakayama N, Yamada I, Huang Y, Nozawa T, Iriyama Y, Abe T, Ogumi Z (2009) Electrochim Acta 54:3428
Thackery MM, David WIF, Bruce PG, Goodenough JB (1983) Mater Res Bull 18:461
Weiss M, Gunther W, Schollhorn R (1998) Phys C 304:156
Schlorb H, Bungs M, Plieth W (1997) Electrochim Acta 42:2619
Vivier CC, Bash S, Ramos JP (1999) Electrochim Acta 44:2705
Abou-El-Sherbini KS, Askar MH (2003) J Solid State Electrochem 7:435
Jayalakshmi M, Mohan Rao M, Scholz F (2003) Langmuir 19:8403
Li N, Patrissi CJ, Che G, Martin CR (2000) J Electrochem Soc 147:2044
Sinha NN, Ragupathy P, Vasan HN, Munichandraiah N (2008) Int J Electrochem Soc 3:691
Eftekhari A (2001) Electrochem Acta 47:495
Chen S, Mi C, Su L, Gao B, Fu Q, Zhang X (2009) J Appl Electrochem 39:943
Hui Y, Huaquan Y, Yinlin L, Neng L, Bingxiong L (1996) J Power Sources 62:223
Wu M-S, Lee R-H (2008) J Power Sources 176:363
Mohan Rao M, Jayalakshmi M, SchaÈ O, Guth U, Wulf H, Scholz F (1999) J Solid State Electrochem 4:17
Lee JH, Han KS, Lee BJ, Seo S, Yoshimura M (2004) Electrochim Acta 50:467
Wang YG, Luo JY, Wang CX, Xia YY (2006) J Electrochem Soc 153:A1425
Wang G, Fu L, Zhao N, Yang L, Wu Y, Wu H (2007) Angew Chem Int Ed 46:295
Wang GJ, Zhao NH, Yang LC, Wu YP, Wu HQ, Holze R (2007) Electrochim Acta 52:4911
Ruffo R, Wessels C, Huggins RA, Cui Y (2009) Electrochem Commun 11:247
Wang GJ, Qua QT, Wang B, Shi Y, Tian S, Wu YP, Holze R (2009) Electrochim Acta 54:1199
Deutscher RL, Florence TM, Woods R (1995) J Power Sources 55:41
Minakshi M, Singh P, Issa TB, Thurgate S, Marco RD (2004) J Power Sources 130:254
Minakshi M, Singh P, Issa TB, Thurgate S, Marco RD (2004) J Power Sources 138:319
Minakshi M, Singh P, Issa TB, Thurgate S, Marco RD (2006) J Power Sources 153:165
Levi E, Zingrad E, Teller H, Levi MD, Aurbach D, Mengeritsky E, Elster E, Dan P, Granot E, Yamin H (1997) J Electrochem Soc 144:4133
Minakshi M, Singh P, Mitchell DRG, Issa TB, Prince K (2007) Electrochim Acta 52:7007
Minakshi M, Mitchell D, Singh P, Thurgate S (2006) Australian Institute of Physics 17th National Congress 2006, Brisbane, page 3
Yao YF, Gupta N, Wroblowa HS (1987) J Electroanal Chem 223:107
Minakshi M, Mitchell DRG, Prince K (2008) Solid State Ion 179:355
Minakshi M, Mitchell DRG (2008) Electrochim Acta 53:6323
Qu DY (1999) J Appl Electrochem 29:511
Minakshi M, Mitchell DRG, Carter ML, Appadoo D, Nallathamby K (2009) Electrochim Acta 54:3244
Minakshi M, Nallathamby K, Mitchell DRG (2009) J Alloys Compds 479:87
Minakshi M, Singh P, Issa TB, Thurgate S (2006) J Appl Electrochem 36:599
Padhi AK, Nanjundaswamy KS, Goodenough JB (1997) J Electrochem Soc 144:1188
Jiang J, Dahn JR (2004) Electrochem Commn 6:39
Takahashi M, Tobishima SI, Takei K, Sakurai Y (2002) Solid State Ion 148:283
Minakshi M, Singh P, Thurgate S, Prince K (2006) J Power Sources 158:646
Mi CH, Zhang XG, Li HL (2007) J ElectroanalChem 602:245
Sauvage F, Laffont L, Tarascon JM, Baudrine E (2008) J Power Sources 175:495
Liu Y, Mi C, Yuan C, Zhang X (2009) J Electroanl Chem 628:73
Minakshi M, Singh P, Thurgate S, Prince K (2006) Electrochem Solid State Lett 9(10):A471
Wang F, Liu Y, Liu C-Y (2010) Electrochim Acta 55:2662
Kohler J, Makihara H, Uegaito H, Inoue H, Toki M (2000) Electrochim Acta 46:59
Wang GJ, Zhang HP, Fu LJ, Wang B, Wu YP (2007) Electrochem Commun 9:1873
Wang GJ, Qu QT, Wang B, Shi Y, Tian S, Wu YP, Holze R (2009) J Power Sources 189:503
Wang H, Zeng Y, Huang K, Liu S, Chen L (2007) Electrochim Acta 52:5102
Wang H, Huang K, Zeng Y, Zhao F, Chen L (2007) Electrochem Solid-State Lett 10(9):A199
Stojkovic I, Cvjeticanin N, Pašti I, Mitric M, Mentus S (2009) Electrochem Commun 11:512
Wang Y, Shang H, Chou T, Cao G (2005) J Phys Chem B 109:11361
Ng SH, Chew SY, Wang J, Wexler D, Tournayre Y, Konstantinov K, Liu HK (2007) J Power Sources 174:1032
Wang GX, Zhong S, Bradhurst DH, Dou SX, Liu HK (1998) J Power Sources 74:198
Reiman KH, Brace KM, Gordon-smith TJ, Nandhakumar I, Attard GS, Owen JR (2006) Electrochem Commun 8:517
Wu M-S, Wang M-J, Jow JJ, Yang W-D, Hsieh C-Y, Tsai H-M (2008) J Power Sources 185:1420
Wang H, Huang K, Zeng Y, Yang S, Chena L (2007) Electrochim Acta 52:3280
Luo JY, Xia YY (2007) Adv Funct Mater 17:3877
Liu X-H, Saito T, Doi T, Okada S, Yamaki J-I (2009) J Power Sources 189:706
Wang GJ, Yang LC, Qu QT, Wang B, Wu YP, Holze R (2010) J Sold Sate Electrochem 14:865
Feldberg SW (1984) J Am Chem Soc 106:4671
Meada Y (1990) J Electrochem Soc 137:3047
Acknowledgment
Financial support from the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India is greatly acknowledged. The authors wish to thank Sri. A. V. S. Murthy, honorary secretary, Rashtreeya Sikshana Samiti Trust, Bangalore and Dr. P. Yashoda, Principal, SSMRV Degree College, Bangalore for their continuous support and encouragement.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Manjunatha, H., Suresh, G.S. & Venkatesha, T.V. Electrode materials for aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 15, 431–445 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-010-1117-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-010-1117-6