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Laser-induced changes of in vitro erythrocyte sedimentation rate

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Abstract

The study of the effects of low-level laser (LLL) radiation on blood is important for elucidating the mechanisms behind the interaction of LLL radiation and biologic tissues. Different therapy methods that involve blood irradiation have been developed and used for clinical purposes with beneficial effects. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different irradiation protocols using a diode-pumped solid-state LLL (λ = 405 nm) on samples of human blood by measuring the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Human blood samples were obtained through venipuncture into tubes containing EDTA as an anticoagulant. Every sample was divided into two equal aliquots to be used as an irradiated sample and a non-irradiated control sample. The irradiated aliquot was subjected to a laser beam with a wavelength of 405 nm and an energy density of 72 J/cm2. The radiation source had a fixed irradiance of 30 mW/cm2. The ESR change was observed for three different experimental protocols: irradiated whole blood, irradiated red blood cells (RBCs) samples re-suspended in non-irradiated blood plasma, and non-irradiated RBCs re-suspended in irradiated blood plasma. The ESR values were measured after laser irradiation and compared with the non-irradiated control samples. Irradiated blood plasma in which non-radiated RBCs were re-suspended was found to result in the largest ESR decrease for healthy human RBCs, 51%, when compared with RBCs re-suspended in non-irradiated blood plasma. The decrease in ESR induced by LLL irradiation of the plasma alone was likely related to changes in the plasma composition and an increase in the erythrocyte zeta potential upon re-suspension of the RBCs in the irradiated blood plasma.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thanks staff and members of the Medical Physics Department, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, for their assistance and support of this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

    Mustafa S. Al Musawi, M. S. Jaafar & Naser M. Ahmed

  2. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq

    Mustafa S. Al Musawi & B. Al-Gailani

  3. Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, P. Pinang, Malaysia

    Fatanah M. Suhaimi

Authors
  1. Mustafa S. Al Musawi
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  2. M. S. Jaafar
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  3. B. Al-Gailani
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  4. Naser M. Ahmed
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  5. Fatanah M. Suhaimi
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Correspondence to Mustafa S. Al Musawi.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Al Musawi, M.S., Jaafar, M.S., Al-Gailani, B. et al. Laser-induced changes of in vitro erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Lasers Med Sci 32, 2089–2095 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2340-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2340-5

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