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Chitin and Chitosan: Functional Biopolymers from Marine Crustaceans

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Abstract

Chitin and chitosan, typical marine polysaccharides as well as abundant biomass resources, are attracting a great deal of attention because of their distinctive biological and physicochemical characteristics. To fully explore the high potential of these specialty biopolymers, basic and application researches are being made extensively. This review deals with the fundamental aspects of chitin and chitosan such as the preparation of chitin and chitosan, crystallography, extent of N-acetylation, and some properties. Recent progress of their chemistry is then discussed, focusing on elemental modification reactions including acylation, alkylation, Schiff base formation and reductive alkylation, carboxyalkylation, phthaloylation, silylation, tosylation, quaternary salt formation, and sulfation and thiolation.

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Acknowledgments

Our recent work on the modification studies of chitin was supported in part by High-Tech Research Center Project for Private Universities and a matching fund subsidy from MEXT, 2004–2008.

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  1. Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8633, Japan

    Keisuke Kurita

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Kurita, K. Chitin and Chitosan: Functional Biopolymers from Marine Crustaceans. Mar Biotechnol 8, 203–226 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-005-0097-5

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