Abstract
We extend the application of real-time kinematic PPP to aerial triangulation using GPS to determine coordinates of the antenna installed on the airplane, using real-time satellite products from IGS and the CNES Analysis Center. In order to verify the performance of real-time kinematic PPP for aerial triangulation, three tests with varying aerial and ground conditions are assessed. Numerical results show that real-time kinematic PPP using IGS real-time products of 5-cm orbit accuracy and 0.1- to 0.3-ns clock precision can provide comparable accuracy for aerial photogrammetric mapping at the scale of 1:1000 as does post-mission kinematic PPP using IGS final products. Millimeter-to-centimeter-level differences and centimeter-to-2-decimeter differences are identified for horizontal and vertical coordinates of ground check points, respectively, in the three tests. The comparison between real-time IGS and CNES products for GPS positioning and aerial triangulation unveils that real-time products with a better clock precision can result in better performance of GPS real-time kinematic PPP as applied to aerial triangulation.
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Acknowledgments
IGS and CNES are acknowledged for providing the post-mission and real-time satellite precise orbit and clock products. This work has been supported by the National Key Developing Program for Basic Sciences of China (Grant No. 2012CB719902) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41371432, 41504027).
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Shi, J., Yuan, X., Cai, Y. et al. GPS real-time precise point positioning for aerial triangulation. GPS Solut 21, 405–414 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-016-0532-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-016-0532-2