Abstract
In this paper, acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation methods were applied to monitor interface cracking in thermal barrier coatings under compression. The interface failure process can be identified via its AE features, including buckling, delamination incubation and spallation. According to the Fourier transformation of AE signals, there are four different failure modes: surface vertical cracks, opening and sliding interface cracks, and substrate deformation. The characteristic frequency of AE signals from surface vertical cracks is 0.21 MHz, whilst that of the two types of interface cracks are 0.43 and 0.29 MHz, respectively. The energy released of the two types of interface cracks are 0.43 and 0.29 MHz, respectively. Based on the energy released from cracking and the AE signals, a relationship is established between the interface crack length and AE parameters, which is in good agreement with experimental results.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Evans, A.G., Mumm, D.R., Hutchinson, J.W., et al.: Mechanisms controlling the durability of thermal barrier coatings. Prog. Mater. Sci. 46, 505–553 (2001)
Padture, N.P., Gell, M., Jordan, E.H.: Thermal barrier coatings for gas-turbine engine applications. Science 296, 280–284 (2002)
Schulz, U., Peters, M., Bach, F.W., et al.: Graded coatings for thermal, wear and corrosion barriers. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 362, 61–80 (2003)
Busso, E.P., Wright, L., Evans, H.E., et al.: A physics-based life prediction methodology for thermal barrier coating systems. Acta Mater. 55, 1491–1503 (2007)
Veal, B.W., Paulikas, A.P., Hou, P.Y.: Tensile stress and creep in thermally grown oxide. Nat. Mater. 5, 349–351 (2006)
Chen, X., Hutchinson, J.W., He, M.Y., et al.: On the propagation and coalescence of delamination cracks in compressed coatings: With application to thermal barrier systems. Acta Mater. 51, 2017–2030 (2003)
Hutchinson, J.W., He, M.Y., Evans, A.G.: The influence of imperfections on the nucleation and propagation of buckling driven delaminations. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 48, 709–734 (2000)
Aktaa, J., Sfar, K., Munz, D.: Assessment of TBC systems failure mechanisms using a fracture mechanics approach. Acta Mater. 53, 4399–4413 (2005)
Wu, R.T., Wang, X., Atkinson, A.: On the interfacial degradation mechanisms of thermal barrier coating systems: Effects of bond coat composition. Acta Mater. 58, 5578–5585 (2010)
Yang, L., Zhou, Y.C., Lu, C.S.: Damage evolution and rupture time prediction in thermal barrier coatings subjected to cyclic heating and cooling: An acoustic emission method. Acta Mater. 59, 6519–6529 (2011)
Yao, W.B., Dai, C.Y., Mao, W.G., et al.: Acoustic emission analysis on tensile failure of air plasma-sprayed thermal barriercoatings. Surf. Coat. Technol. 206, 3803–3807 (2012)
Yang, L., Zhong, Z.C., Zhou, Y.C., et al.: Quantitative assessment of the surface crack density in thermal barrier coatings. Acta Mech. Sin. 30, 167–174 (2014)
Renusch, D., Schütze, M.: Measuring and modeling the TBC damage kinetics by using acoustic emission analysis. Surf. Coat. Technol. 202, 740–744 (2007)
Ma, X.Q., Takemoto, M.: Quantitative acoustic emission analysis of plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings subjected to thermal shock tests. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 308, 101–110 (2001)
Fu, L., Khor, K.A., Ng, H.W., et al.: Non-destructive evaluation of plasma sprayed functionally graded thermal barrier coatings. Surf. Coat. Technol. 130, 233–239 (2000)
Kucuk, A., Berndt, C.C., Senturk, U., et al.: Influence of plasma spray parameters on mechanical properties of yttria stabilized zirconia coatings. I: Four point bend test. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 284, 29–40 (2000)
Yang, L., Zhou, Y.C., Mao, W.G., et al.: Real-time acoustic emission testing based on wavelet transform for the failure process of thermal barrier coatings. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 231906 (2008)
Yang, L., Zhou, Y.C., Mao, W.G., et al.: Acoustic emission evaluation of the fracture behavior of APS-TBCs subjecting to bondcoating oxidation. Surf. Interface Anal. 39, 761–769 (2007)
Gutkin, R., Green, C.J., Vangrattanachai, S., et al.: On acoustic emission for failure investigation in CFRP: Pattern recognition and peak frequency analyses. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 25, 1393–1407 (2011)
Benson, P.M., Vinciguerra, S., Meredith, P.G., et al.: Laboratory simulation of volcano seismicity. Science 322, 249–252 (2008)
Landis, N.: Micro-macro fracture relationships and acoustic emissions in concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 13, 65–72 (1999)
Lu, C.S., Mai, Y.W., Shen, Y.G.: Optimum information in crackling noise. Phys. Rev. E 72, 027101 (2005)
Sause, M.G.R., Haider, F., Horn, S.: Quantification of metallic coating failure on carbon fiber reinforced plastics using acoustic emission. Surf. Coat. Tecnnol. 204, 300–308 (2009)
Qian, G., Nakamura, T., Berndt, C.C.: Effects of thermal gradient and residual stresses on thermal barrier coating fracture. Mech. Mater. 27, 91–110 (1998)
Mao, W.G., Dai, C.Y., Zhou, Y.C., et al.: An experimental investigation on thermo-mechanical buckling delamination failure characteristic of air plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings. Surf. Coat. Tecnnol. 201, 6217–6227 (2007)
Zhu, W., Yang, L., Guo, J.W., et al.: Determination of interfacial adhesion energies of thermal barrier coatings by compression test combined with a cohesive zone finite element model. Int. J. Plast. 64, 76–87 (2015)
Wright, P.K., Evans, A.G.: Mechanisms governing the performance of thermal barrier coatings. Curr. Opin. Solid-State Mater. Sci. 4, 255–265 (1999)
Nusair Khan, A., Lu, J., Liao, H.: Effect of residual stresses on air plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings. Surf. Coat. Technol. 168, 291–299 (2003)
Hutchinson, J.W., Suo, Z.G.: Mixed mode cracking in layered materials. Adv. Appl. Mech. 29, 63–191 (1991)
Wang, J.S., Evans, A.G.: Measurement and analysis of buckling and buckle propagation in compressed oxide layers on superalloy substrates. Acta Mater. 46, 4993–5005 (1998)
Yang, L., Zhong, Z.C., You, J., et al.: Acoustic emission evaluation of fracture characteristics in thermal barrier coatings under bending. Surf. Coat. Technol. 232, 710–718 (2013)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 11472237, 11002122, 51172192, and 11272275).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, L., Zhong, ZC., Zhou, YC. et al. Acoustic emission assessment of interface cracking in thermal barrier coatings. Acta Mech. Sin. 32, 342–348 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10409-015-0514-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10409-015-0514-6