Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Changes in Exposure to Neighborhood Characteristics are Associated with Sexual Network Characteristics in a Cohort of Adults Relocating from Public Housing

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
AIDS and Behavior Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Ecologic and cross-sectional multilevel analyses suggest that characteristics of the places where people live influence their vulnerability to HIV and other sexually-transmitted infections (STIs). Using data from a predominately substance-misusing cohort of African-American adults relocating from US public housing complexes, this multilevel longitudinal study tested the hypothesis that participants who experienced greater post-relocation improvements in economic disadvantage, violent crime, and male:female sex ratios would experience greater reductions in perceived partner risk and in the odds of having a partner who had another partner (i.e., indirect concurrency). Baseline data were collected from 172 public housing residents before relocations occurred; three waves of post-relocation data were collected every 9 months. Participants who experienced greater improvements in community violence and in economic conditions experienced greater reductions in partner risk. Reduced community violence was associated with reduced indirect concurrency. Structural interventions that decrease exposure to violence and economic disadvantage may reduce vulnerability to HIV/STIs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Friedman SR, Quimby E, Sufian M, Abdul-Quader A, Des Jarlais DC. Racial aspects of the AIDS epidemic. Calif Sociol. 1988;11(Winter–Summer):55–68.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Friedman SR, Sotheran JL, Abdul-Quader A, Primm BJ, Des Jarlais DC, Kleinman P, et al. The AIDS epidemic among blacks and Hispanics. Milbank Q. 1987;2:455–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Johnson AS, Beer L, Sionean C, Hu X, Furlow-Parmley C, Le B, et al. HIV Infection: United States, 2008 and 2010. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2013;62(Suppl 3):112–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Jarlais DC, Cooper HL, Bramson H, Deren S, Hatzakis A, Hagan H. Racial and ethnic disparities and implications for the prevention of HIV among persons who inject drugs. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2012;7(4):354–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ. Social context, sexual networks, and racial disparities in rates of sexually transmitted infections. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(Suppl 1):S115–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ. Contextual factors and the black-white disparity in heterosexual HIV transmission. Epidemiology. 2002;13(6):707–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Bonas DM, Martinson FE, Donaldson KH, Stancil TR. Concurrent sexual partnerships among women in the United States. Epidemiology. 2002;13(3):320–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Doherty IA. Concurrent sexual partnerships among men in the United States. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(12):2230–7.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Friedman SR, Cooper HL, Osborne AH. Structural and social contexts of HIV risk Among African Americans. Am J Public Health. 2009;99(6):1002–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Cooper HL, Des Jarlais DC, Tempalski B, Bossak BH, Ross Z, Friedman SR. Drug-related arrest rates and spatial access to syringe exchange programs in New York City health districts: combined effects on the risk of injection-related infections among injectors. Health Place. 2012;18(2):218–28.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Floris-Moore MA. Ending the epidemic of heterosexual HIV transmission among African Americans. Am J Prev Med. 2009;37(5):468–71.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Taylor EM, Khan MR, Schwartz RJ. Concurrent partnerships, nonmonogamous partners, and substance use among women in the United States. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(1):128–36.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Grieb SM, Davey-Rothwell M, Latkin CA. Concurrent sexual partnerships among urban African American high-risk women with main sex partners. AIDS Behav. 2012;16(2):323–33.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Ku L, Sonenstein FL, Pleck JH. Young men’s risk behaviors for HIV infection and sexually transmitted diseases, 1988 through 1991. Am J Public Health. 1993;83(11):1609–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Sonenstein FL, Pleck JH, Ku LC. Sexual activity, condom use and AIDS awareness among adolescent males. Fam Plann Perspect. 1989;21(4):152–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Hallfors DD, Iritani BJ, Miller WC, Bauer DJ. Sexual and drug behavior patterns and HIV and STD racial disparities: the need for new directions. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(1):125–32.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Ellen JM, Aral SO, Madger LS. Do differences in sexual behaviors account for the racial/ethnic differences in adolescents’ self-reported history of a sexually transmitted disease? Sex Transm Dis. 1998;25(3):125–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Tanfer K, Cubbins LA, Billy JO. Gender, race, class and self-reported sexually transmitted disease incidence. Fam Plann Perspect. 1995;27(5):196–202.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Finer LB, Darroch JE, Singh S. Sexual partnership patterns as a behavioral risk factor for sexually transmitted diseases. Fam Plann Perspect. 1999;31(5):228–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Laumann EO, Youm Y. Racial/ethnic group differences in the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States: a network explanation. Sex Transm Dis. 1999;26(5):250–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Bohl DD, Raymond HF, Arnold M, McFarland W. Concurrent sexual partnerships and racial disparities in HIV infection among men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2009;85(5):367–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Morris M, Kretzschmar M. Concurrent partnerships and the spread of HIV. AIDS (London, England). 1997;11(5):641–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Wawer MJ, Gray RH, Sewankambo NK, Serwadda D, Li X, Laeyendecker O, et al. Rates of HIV-1 transmission per coital act, by stage of HIV-1 infection, in Rakai, Uganda. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(9):1403–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Pilcher CD, Tien HC, Eron JJ Jr, Vernazza PL, Leu SY, Stewart PW, et al. Brief but efficient: acute HIV infection and the sexual transmission of HIV. J Infect Dis. 2004;189(10):1785–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Fiebig EW, Wright DJ, Rawal BD, Garrett PE, Schumacher RT, Peddada L, et al. Dynamics of HIV viremia and antibody seroconversion in plasma donors: implications for diagnosis and staging of primary HIV infection. AIDS (London, England). 2003;17(13):1871–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Rothenberg R. HIV transmission networks. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2009;4(4):260–5.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Cohen D, Spear S, Scribner R, Kissinger P, Mason K, Wildgen J. “Broken windows” and the risk of gonorrhea. Am J Public Health. 2000;90(2):230–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Zierler S, Krieger N, Tang Y, Coady W, Siegfried E, DeMaria A, et al. Economic deprivation and AIDS incidence in Massachusetts. Am J Public Health. 2000;90(7):1064–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Theall KP, Scribner R, Ghosh-Dastidar B, Cohen D, Mason K, Simonsen N. Neighbourhood alcohol availability and gonorrhea rates: impact of social capital. Geospat Health. 2009;3(2):241–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Springer YP, Samuel MC, Bolan G. Socioeconomic gradients in sexually transmitted diseases: a geographic information system-based analysis of poverty, race/ethnicity, and gonorrhea rates in California, 2004–2006. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(6):1060–7.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Kaplan MS, Crespo CJ, Huguet N, Marks G. Ethnic/racial homogeneity and sexually transmitted disease: a study of 77 Chicago community areas. Sex Transm Dis. 2009;36(2):108–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Jennings JM, Taylor RB, Salhi RA, Furr-Holden CD, Ellen JM. Neighborhood drug markets: a risk environment for bacterial sexually transmitted infections among urban youth. Soc Sci Med. 2012;74(8):1240–50.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Jennings JM, Woods SE, Curriero FC. The spatial and temporal association of neighborhood drug markets and rates of sexually transmitted infections in an urban setting. Health Place. 2013;23:128–37.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Thomas JC, Sampson LA. High rates of incarceration as a social force associated with community rates of sexually transmitted infection. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(Suppl 1):S55–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Thomas JC, Torrone E. Incarceration as forced migration: effects on selected community health outcomes. Am J Public Health. 2006;96(10):1762–5.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Thomas JC, Torrone EA, Browning CR. Neighborhood factors affecting rates of sexually transmitted diseases in Chicago. J Urban Health. 2010;87(1):102–12.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Krieger N, Waterman PD, Chen JT, Soobader MJ, Subramanian SV. Monitoring socioeconomic inequalities in sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, and violence: geocoding and choice of area-based socioeconomic measures—the public health disparities geocoding project (US). Public Health Rep (Washington, DC: 1974). 2003;118(3):240–60.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Du P, McNutt LA, O’Campo P, Coles FB. Changes in community socioeconomic status and racial distribution associated with gonorrhea rates: an analysis at the community level. Sex Transm Dis. 2009;36(7):430–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Ford JL, Browning CR. Neighborhood social disorganization and the acquisition of trichomoniasis among young adults in the United States. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(9):1696–703.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Dembo R, Belenko S, Childs K, Wareham J, Schmeidler J. Individual and community risk factors and sexually transmitted diseases among arrested youths: a two level analysis. J Behav Med. 2009;32(4):303–16.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Gant Z, Lomotey M, Hall HI, Hu X, Guo X, Song R. A county-level examination of the relationship between hiv and social determinants of health: 40 States, 2006–2008. Open AIDS J. 2012;6:1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Pouget ER, Kershaw TS, Niccolai LM, Ickovics JR, Blankenship KM. Associations of sex ratios and male incarceration rates with multiple opposite-sex partners: potential social determinants of HIV/STI transmission. Public Health Rep (Washington, DC: 1974). 2010;125(Suppl 4):70–80.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Latkin CA, Curry AD, Hua W, Davey MA. Direct and indirect associations of neighborhood disorder with drug use and high-risk sexual partners. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32(6 Suppl):S234–41.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Green TC, Pouget ER, Harrington M, Taxman FS, Rhodes AG, OʼConnell D, et al. Limiting options: sex ratios, incarceration rates, and sexual risk behavior among people on probation and parole. Sex Transm Dis. 2012;39(6):424–30.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Fichtenberg CM, Jennings JM, Glass TA, Ellen JM. Neighborhood socioeconomic environment and sexual network position. J Urban Health. 2010;87(2):225–35.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Ferguson YO, Quinn SC, Eng E, Sandelowski M. The gender ratio imbalance and its relationship to risk of HIV/AIDS among African American women at historically black colleges and universities. AIDS Care. 2006;18(4):323–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Taylor EM, Khan MR, Schwartz RJ, Miller WC. Sex ratio, poverty, and concurrent partnerships among men and women in the United States: a multilevel analysis. Ann Epidemiol. 2013;23(11):716–9 Epub 2013/10/09.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Adimora AA, Schoenbach VJ, Martinson FE, Donaldson KH, Fullilove RE, Aral SO. Social context of sexual relationships among rural African Americans. Sex Transm Dis. 2001;28(2):69–76.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Massey D, Denton N. American apartheid: segregation and the making of the underclass. Cambridge: Harvard University Press; 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Guttentag M, Secord PF. Too many women? The sex ratio question. Newbury Park: Sage; 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Galster GC, Mikelsons M. The geography of metropolitan opportunity: a case-study of neighborhood conditions confronting youth in Washington, DC. Hous Policy Debate. 1995;6(1):73–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Denton N. Are African Americans still hypersegregated? In: Grisby III JE, Bullard RD, Lee C, Feagin JR, editors. Residential apartheid: the American legacy. Los Angeles: CAAS Publications, University of California; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Biello KB, Niccolai L, Kershaw TS, Lin H, Ickovics J. Residential racial segregation and racial differences in sexual behaviours: an 11-year longitudinal study of sexual risk of adolescents transitioning to adulthood. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2013;67(1):28–34.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Bauermeister JA, Zimmerman MA, Caldwell CH. Neighborhood disadvantage and changes in condom use among African American adolescents. J Urban Health. 2011;88(1):66–83.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Ford JL, Browning CR. Neighborhoods and infectious disease risk: acquisition of chlamydia during the transition to young adulthood. J Urban Health. 2013;91(1):136–50.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Friedman LM. Public housing and the poor: an overview. Calif Law Rev. 1966;54(2):642–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Spence LH. Rethinking the social role of public housing. Hous Policy Debate. 1993;4(3):355–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Schill MH. Distressed public housing: where do we go from here? The University of Chicago Law Review. 1993;60(2):497–554.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Schill MH, Wachter SM. The spatial bias of federal housing law and policy: concentrated poverty in urban America. University of Pennsylvania Law Review. 1995;143(5):1285–342.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Massey D, Kanaiaupuni S. Public housing and the concentration of poverty. Soc Sci Q. 1993;74(1):109–22.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Popkin S, Cove E. Safety is the most important thing: how HOPE VI helped families. Washington, DC: Urban Institute; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Popkin S, Gwiasda VE, Olson LM, Posenbaum DP, Buron L. The hidden war: crime and the tragedy of public housing in Chicago. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press; 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Popkin S, Harris L, Cunningham M, Bradley J, Graham A, Comey J. Families in transition: a qualitative analysis of the MTO experience. Final Report. Washington, DC: US Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research, 2002.

  64. Popkin S, Price DJ, Escaping the hidden war: safety is the biggest gain for CHA families (The Urban Institutes, Washington, 2010) Contract No.: 3.

  65. Bickford A, Massey DS. Segregation in the Second Ghetto: racial and ethnic segregation in American Public Housing, 1977. Soc Forces. 1991;69(4):1011–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Carter WH, Schill MH, Wachter SM. Polarisation, public housing and racial minorities in US cities. Urban Stud. 1998;35(10):1889–911.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Popkin S, Cunningham M, Gustafson J. A decade of HOPE VI: research findings and policy challenges. Washington: The Urban Institute; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Goetz EG. Clearing the way: deconcentrating the poor in urban America. Washington: The Urban Institute; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Keating L, Flores C. Sixty and out: Techwood Homes transformed by enemies and friends. J Urban History. 2000;26(3):275–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Kline G, Thompson v. HUD. Groundbreaking housing desegregation litigation, and the significant task ahead of achieving an effective desegregation remedy without engendering new social harms. University of Maryland Law J Race Relig Gend Cl. 2007;7(1):172–91.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Rosenbaum JE, DeLuca S. What kinds of neighborhoods change lives? The Chicago Gautreaux Housing program and recent mobility programs. Indiana Law Rev. 2008;41(3):653–62.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Neaigus A, Miller M, Friedman SR, Hagen DL, Sifaneck SJ, Ildefonso G, et al. Potential risk factors for the transition to injecting among non-injecting heroin users: a comparison of former injectors and never injectors. Addiction. 2001;96(6):847–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Boston TD. Environment matters: the effect of mixed-income revitalization on the socio-economic status of public housing residents: a case study of Atlanta. Atlanta: Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005 Contract No.: Working Paper #1.

  74. Orr L, Feins J, Robin J, Beecroft E. Moving to opportunity (MTO) interim impacts evaluation. Washington: ABT Associates; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Popkin S, Levy D, Harris LE, Comey J, Cunningham M, Buron L, et al. HOPE VI panel study: baseline report. Washington: Urban Institute; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Clampet-Lundquist S. HOPE VI relocation: moving to new neighborhoods and building new ties. Hous Policy Debate. 2004;15(2):415–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Greenbaum S, Hathaway W, Rodriguez C, Spalding A, Ward B. Deconcentration and social capital: contradictions of a poverty alleviation policy. J Poverty. 2008;12(2):201–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. Curley AM. Draining or gaining? The social networks of public housing movers in Boston. J Soc Pers Relatsh. 2009;26:227–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Cooper HL, Bonney LE, Ross Z, Karnes C, Hunter-Jones J, Kelley ME, et al. The aftermath of public housing relocation: relationship to substance misuse. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013;133(1):37–44.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Cooper HLF, Hunter-Jones J, Kelley ME, Karnes C, Haley DF, Ross Z, et al. The aftermath of public housing relocations: relationships between changes in local socioeconomic conditions and depressive symptoms in a cohort of adult relocaters. J Urban Health. 2013.

  81. Kling J, Liebman JB, Katz LF. Experimental analysis of neighborhood effects. Econometrica. 2007;75(1):83–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Fauth RC, Leventhal T, Brooks-Gunn J. Seven years later: effects of a neighborhood mobility program on poor Black and Latino adults’ well-being. J Health Soc Behav. 2008;49(June):119–30.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Fauth RC, Leventhal T, Brooks-Gunn J. Short-term effects of moving from public housing in poor to middle-class neighborhoods on low-income, minority adults’ outcomes. Soc Sci Med. 2004;59:2271–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Osypuk TL, Schmidt NM, Bates LM, Tchetgen-Tchetgen EJ, Earls FJ, Glymour MM. Gender and crime victimization modify neighborhood effects on adolescent mental health. Pediatrics. 2012;130(3):472–81.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Sikkema KJ, Heckman TG, Kelly JA, Anderson ES, Winett RA, Solomon LJ, et al. HIV risk behaviors among women living in low-income, inner-city housing developments. Am J Public Health. 1996;86(8):1123–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Wagstaff DA, Kelly JA, Perry MJ, Sikkema KJ, Solomon LJ, Heckman TG, et al. Multiple partners, risky partners and HIV risk among low-income urban women. Fam Plann Perspect. 1995;27(6):241–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Sikkema KJ, Koob JJ, Cargill VC, Kelly JA, Desiderato LL, Roffman RA, et al. Levels and predictors of HIV risk behavior among women in low-income public housing developments. Public Health Rep (Washington, DC: 1974). 1995;110(6):707–13.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Leventhal T, Dupere V. Moving to opportunity: does long-term exposure to ‘low-poverty’ neighborhoods make a difference for adolescents? Soc Sci Med. 2011;73(5):737–43.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Zuberi A. Neighborhood poverty and children’s exposure to danger: examining gender differences in impacts of the moving to opportunity experiment. Soc Sci Res. 2012;41(4):788–801.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Digenis-Bury E, Brooks D, Chen L, Ostrem M, Horsburgh R. Use of a population-based survey to describe the health of Boston public housing residents. Am J Public Health. 2008;98(1):85–91.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Williams C, Adams-Campbell L. Addictive behaviors and depression among African-Americans residing in a public housing community. Addict Behav. 2000;25(1):45–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Neblett RC, Davey-Rothwell M, Chander G, Latkin CA. Social network characteristics and HIV sexual risk behavior among urban African American women. J Urban Health. 2011;88(1):54–65.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Hoffman JA, Klein H, Eber M, Crosby H. Frequency and intensity of crack use as predictors of women’s involvement in HIV-related sexual risk behaviors. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000;58(3):227–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Seth P, Wingood GM, DiClemente RJ, Robinson LS. Alcohol use as a marker for risky sexual behaviors and biologically confirmed sexually transmitted infections among young adult African-American women. Women’s Health Issues. 2011;21(2):130–5.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Fullilove MT, Golden E, Fullilove RE 3rd, Lennon R, Porterfield D, Schwarcz S, et al. Crack cocaine use and high-risk behaviors among sexually active black adolescents. J Adolesc Health. 1993;14(4):295–300.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Latkin CA, Mandell W, Vlahov D. The relationship between risk networks’ patterns of crack cocaine and alcohol consumption and HIV-related sexual behaviors among adult injection drug users: a prospective study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1996;42(3):175–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Rhodes T. The ‘risk environment’: a framework for understanding and reducing drug-related harm. Int J Drug Policy. 2002;13(2):85–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Cooper HL, Wodarski S, Cummings J, Hunter-Jones J, Karnes C, Ross Z, et al. Public housing relocations in Atlanta, Georgia, and declines in spatial access to safety net primary care. Health Place. 2012;18(6):1255–60.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Popkin S, Rich M, Hendey L, Hayes C, Parilla J. Public housing relocations and crime: making the case for responsible relocation. Washington: The Urban Institute; 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Oakley D, Ward C, Reid L, Ruel E. The poverty deconcentration imperative and public housing transformation. Sociol Compass. 2011;5(9):824–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. Perlis TE, DesJarlais DC, Friedman SR, Arasteh K, Turner CF. Audio-computerized self-interviewing versus face-to-face interviewing for research data collection at drug abuse treatment programs. Addiction. 2004;99(7):885–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Rogers SM, Willis G, Al-Tayyib A, Villarroel MA, Turner CF, Ganapathi L, et al. Audio computer assisted interviewing to measure HIV risk behaviours in a clinic population. Sex Transm Infect. 2005;81(6):501–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Al-Tayyib AA, Rogers SM, Gribble JN, Villarroel M, Turner CF. Effect of low medical literacy on health survey measurements. Am J Public Health. 2002;92(9):1478–80.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Rudolph AE, Linton S, Dyer TP, Latkin C. Individual, network, and neighborhood correlates of exchange sex among female non-injection drug users in Baltimore, MD (2005–2007). AIDS Behav. 2013;17(2):598–611.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Davey-Rothwell M, Villarroel M, Grieb S, Latkin C. Norms, attitudes, and sex behaviors among women with incarcerated main partners. J Urban Health. 2013;90(6):1151–65.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Rogers SM, Khan MR, Tan S, Turner CF, Miller WC, Erbelding E. Incarceration, high-risk sexual partnerships and sexually transmitted infections in an urban population. Sex Transm Infect. 2012;88(1):63–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Khan MR, Epperson MW, Mateu-Gelabert P, Bolyard M, Sandoval M, Friedman SR. Incarceration, sex with an STI- or HIV-infected partner, and infection with an STI or HIV in Bushwick, Brooklyn, NY: a social network perspective. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(6):1110–7.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Javanbakht M, Gorbach P, Stirland A, Chien M, Kerndt P, Guerry S. Prevalence and correlates of rectal chlamydia and gonorrhea among female clients at sexually transmitted disease clinics. Sex Transm Dis. 2012;39(12):917–22. doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31826ae9a2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Reilly KH, Neaigus A, Jenness SM, Hagan H, Wendel T, Gelpi-Acosta C. High HIV prevalence among low-income, black women in New York City with self-reported HIV negative and unknown status. J Women’s Health. 2013;22(9):745–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  110. Smith DK, Pals SL, Herbst JH, Shinde S, Carey JW. Development of a clinical screening index predictive of incident HIV infection among men who have sex with men in the United States. J AIDS. 2012;60(4):421–7.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Nunn A, Dickman S, Cornwall A, Kwakwa H, Mayer KH, Rana A, et al. Concurrent sexual partnerships among African American women in Philadelphia: results from a qualitative study. Sex Health. 2012;9(3):288–96.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Mattson CL, Campbell RT, Karabatsos G, Agot K, Ndinya-Achola JO, Moses S, et al. Scaling sexual behavior or “sexual risk propensity” among men at risk for HIV in Kisumu, Kenya. AIDS Behav. 2010;14(1):162–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Crosby R, Shrier L. A partner-related risk behavior index to identify people at elevated risk for sexually transmitted infections. J Prim Prev. 2013;34(1–2):81–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Logan JR, Xu Z, Stults B. Longitudinal tract data base. 2012.

  115. Sampson RJ, Raudenbush SW, Earls F. Neighborhoods and violent crime: a multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science (New York, NY). 1997;277(5328):918–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Singer JDWJB. Applied longitudinal data analysis : modeling change and event occurrence. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2003.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  117. Gindi RM, Sifakis F, Sherman SG, Towe VL, Flynn C, Zenilman JM. The geography of heterosexual partnerships in Baltimore city adults. Sex Transm Dis. 2011;38(4):260–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Cohen DA, Ghosh-Dastidar B, Scribner R, Miu A, Scott M, Robinson P, et al. Alcohol outlets, gonorrhea, and the Los Angeles civil unrest: a longitudinal analysis. Soc Sci Med. 2006;62(12):3062–71.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Thomas JC, Levandowski BA, Isler MR, Torrone E, Wilson G. Incarceration and sexually transmitted infections: a neighborhood perspective. J Urban Health. 2008;85(1):90–9.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Chesson HW, Owusu-Edusei K Jr, Leichliter JS, Aral SO. Violent crime rates as a proxy for the social determinants of sexually transmissible infection rates: the consistent state-level correlation between violent crime and reported sexually transmissible infections in the United States, 1981–2010. Sex Health. 2013;10(5):419–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. Cubbin C, Santelli J, Brindis CD, Braveman P. Neighborhood context and sexual behaviors among adolescents: findings from the national longitudinal study of adolescent health. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2005;37(3):125–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Crosby RA, Holtgrave DR, DiClemente RJ, Wingood GM, Gayle JA. Social capital as a predictor of adolescents’ sexual risk behavior: a state-level exploratory study. AIDS Behav. 2003;7(3):245–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Galea S, Karpati A, Kennedy B. Social capital and violence in the United States, 1974–1993. Soc Sci Med. 2002;55(8):1373–83.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Cooper H, Haley D, Linton S, Hunter-Jones J, Martin M, Kelley ME, et al. Impact of public housing relocations: are changes in neighborhood conditions related to STIs among relocators. Sex Transm Infect (in press).

  125. Stoner BP, Whittington WL, Aral SO, Hughes JP, Handsfield HH, Holmes KK. Avoiding risky sex partners: perception of partners’ risks v partners’ self reported risks. Sex Transm Infect. 2003;79(3):197–201.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Doherty IA, Schoenbach VJ, Adimora AA. Sexual mixing patterns and heterosexual HIV transmission among African Americans in the southeastern United States. J Acquir immune Defic Syndr. 2009;52(1):114–20.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was funded by a CFAR03 Grant awarded by the Emory Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI050409); a NIDA grant entitled “Public Housing Relocations: Impact on Healthcare Access, Drug Use & Sexual Health” (R21DA027072); and a NIDA grant entitled “Public Housing Relocations: Impact on HIV and Drug Use” (R01DA029513). Danielle Haley’s time was funded by the George W. Woodruff Fellowship of the Laney Graduate School, Emory University. Emily Dauria’s time was supported by an NIMH grant entitled “Male incarceration, the health care service environment, and sexual health (1F31MH096630-01). We would like to thank our NIDA Project Officer, Dr. Bethany Deeds, for her excellent help with this project; the Atlanta Housing Authority for permitting us to recruit participants on site; and study participants for sharing their time and experiences with the study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE Room 526, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    Hannah L. F. Cooper, Sabriya Linton, Danielle F. Haley, Emily F. Dauria, Conny Chen Karnes, Josalin Hunter-Jones, Kristen K. Renneker & Gina Wingood

  2. Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Mary E. Kelley

  3. Zev Ross Spatial Analysis, Ithaca, NY, USA

    Zev Ross

  4. Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Carlos del Rio

  5. Emory Center for AIDS Research, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Carlos del Rio

  6. University of North Carolina School of Medicine and Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Adaora Adimora

  7. School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Richard Rothenberg

  8. Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Loida E. Bonney

Authors
  1. Hannah L. F. Cooper
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sabriya Linton
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Danielle F. Haley
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mary E. Kelley
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Emily F. Dauria
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Conny Chen Karnes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Zev Ross
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Josalin Hunter-Jones
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Kristen K. Renneker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Carlos del Rio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Adaora Adimora
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Gina Wingood
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Richard Rothenberg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. Loida E. Bonney
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hannah L. F. Cooper.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cooper, H.L.F., Linton, S., Haley, D.F. et al. Changes in Exposure to Neighborhood Characteristics are Associated with Sexual Network Characteristics in a Cohort of Adults Relocating from Public Housing. AIDS Behav 19, 1016–1030 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-014-0883-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-014-0883-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation