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The Streptomyces violaceusniger clade: a home for streptomycetes with rugose ornamented spores

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Abstract

The taxonomic status of 16 strains received as Streptomyces hygroscopicus, Streptomyces melanosporofaciens, Streptomyces sparsogenes, Streptomyces sporoclivatus and Streptomyces violaceusniger was evaluated in a polyphasic study. Eleven of the organisms formed a distinct clade in the Streptomyces 16S rRNA gene tree with the type strains of Streptomyces asiaticus, Streptomyces cangkringensis, Streptomyces indonesiensis, Streptomyces javensis, Streptomyces malaysiensis, Streptomyces rhizosphaericus, Streptomyces yatensis and Streptomyces yogyakartensis, the members of this group produced rugose ornamented spores in spiral spore chains. The eleven strains were assigned to three established and four novel species, namely Streptomyces albiflaviniger sp. nov., Streptomyces demainii sp. nov., Streptomyces geldanamycininus sp. nov., Streptomyces griseiniger sp. nov., and Streptomyces hygroscopicus, Streptomyces melanosporofaciens and Streptomyces violaceusniger. It is also proposed that S. sporoclivatus becomes a subjective synonym of S. melanosporofaciens. S. sparsogenes NRRL 2940T, which produced ridged ornamented spores in spiral spore chains, formed a distinct phyletic line in the Streptomyces 16S rRNA gene tree and was readily distinguished from the other strains using a range of phenotypic properties. S. violaceusniger strains NRRL 8097, NRRL B-5799, NRRL 2834 and ISP 5182 fell outside the S. violaceusniger 16S rRNA gene clade and formed either smooth or ridged ornamented spores in either flexuous or spiral spore chains. These organisms were distinguished from one another and from their closest phylogenetic neighbors and were considered to merit species status as Streptomyces auratus sp. nov., Streptomyces phaeoluteichromatogenes sp. nov., Streptomyces phaeogriseichromatogenes sp. nov., and Streptomyces phaeoluteigriseus sp. nov., respectively.

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Acknowledgements

Some of the work described in this paper was carried out within the UK-Indonesia Biodiversity for Biotechnology Development Project (1994–1999) funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID). Y.K is grateful to the University of Newcastle for an International Research Scholarship and to the School of Biology for a Divisional Scholarship. The authors would like to thank the British Council and the International Institute for Biotechnology (wwwbio.ukc.ac.uk/IIBMIRCEN/) for facilitating the collaboration established during this project. The authors are also indebted to Dr Jean Euzéby for expert assistance with the nomenclature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK

    Michael Goodfellow & Yashawant Kumar

  2. Microbial Genomics and Bioprocessing Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL, 61604, USA

    David P. Labeda

  3. Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Biologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

    Langkah Sembiring

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  1. Michael Goodfellow
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Correspondence to Michael Goodfellow.

Additional information

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the tested strains are S. albiflaviniger NRRL B-1356T (AJ391812), S. auratus NRRL 8097T (AJ391816), S. geldanamycininus NRRL 3602T (DQ334781), S. griseiniger NRRL B-1865T (AJ391818), S. hygroscopicus NRRL 2387T (AJ391820), NRRL 2339 (AJ391821) and NRRL B-1477 (AJ391819), S. demainii NRRL B-1478T (DQ334782), S. melanosporofaciens NRRL B-12234T (AJ391837), S. phaeogriseichromatogenes NRRL 2834T (AJ391813), S. phaeoluteichromatogenes NRRL B-5799T (AJ391814), S. phaeoluteigriseus ISP 5182T (AJ391815), S. sparsogenes NRRL 2940T (AJ391817), S. sporoclivatus NRRL B-24330T (AJ 781369), S. violaceusniger ISP 5563T (AJ 391823) and NRRL B-1476T (AJ 391822).

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Goodfellow, M., Kumar, Y., Labeda, D.P. et al. The Streptomyces violaceusniger clade: a home for streptomycetes with rugose ornamented spores. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 92, 173–199 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-007-9146-6

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