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Political making of more-than-fishers through their involvement in ecological monitoring of protected areas

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Abstract

One strategy for ecological monitoring of protected areas involves data collection by local resource users instead of external scientists. Growing support for such programs comes from their potential to both reduce costs and influence how resource users perceive and support protected areas, but their effects on participants are only beginning to be understood. We contribute to this growing research area through an in-depth study of how participants, their close kin, and their peers perceived the individual and community-wide effects of an ecological monitoring program. We examined the case of fishers’ involvement in ecological monitoring of a marine protected area network in Baja California Sur, Mexico, organized since 2012 by the Mexican non-governmental organization Niparajá. Based on in-depth interviews and participant observation in 2016 and 2017, we found that the most salient effect of the program was personal growth. Participants described becoming “more than a fisher” through newly gained civic and environmental awareness, ecological knowledge, and self-confidence in public speaking skills. Respondents also identified health risks from diving and emotional burdens on participants’ families. Overall, other resource users in their communities seem to be supportive through reputational benefits of participants. These effects overlap with but seem more extensive than those documented in other citizen science programs. Environmentality provides a suitable explanation of the processes at play, where the act of monitoring is far more than data collection, intertwining participants’ fortunes (for better or worse) with the political fate of the protected area network itself.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the respondents of our research, including the Buzos Monitores of El Corredor San Cosme a Punta Coyote, B.C.S., their families, and our respondents in the towns of Agua Verde, Tembabiche, San Evaristo, and Ensenada de Cortés. We also thank Dora Sandoval and the crew of the monitoring vessel, Quino El Guardian, who hosted A.Q. and X.B. in 2016 and 2017. We especially thank the staff members of Sociedad de Historia Natural Niparajá A.C., including Ollín González, Tomás Plomozo, José Manuel Marrón, and Melisa Vázquez. Mariana Walthers provided lodging, advice, and support to A.Q. that facilitated the 2016 field season. Funding was provided by Duke University Graduate School’s James B. Duke International Research Fellowship and NSF Coupled Natural Human Systems award #1632648.

Funding

This study was funded by the Duke University Graduate School’s James B. Duke International Research Fellowship and the National Science Foundation’s Coupled Natural Human Systems Program (Grant Number 1632648).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Coasts and Commons Co-Lab, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA

    Anastasia Quintana & Xavier Basurto

  2. Sociedad de Historia Natural Niparajá A.C., La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico

    Salvador Rodriguez Van Dyck & Amy Hudson Weaver

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  1. Anastasia Quintana
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  2. Xavier Basurto
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  3. Salvador Rodriguez Van Dyck
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  4. Amy Hudson Weaver
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Contributions

AQ and XB conceived of the study and iteratively worked on the linkages between theory and study design. AHW and SRV provided key ideas to support the study design and substantive fieldwork facilitation and assistance, without which the project would have been impossible. AQ collected the data. AQ and XB analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. All authors approve of the manuscript in its final form.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anastasia Quintana.

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Conflict of interest

AQ and XB report no conflict of interest. SRV and AHW work for the organization, Sociedad de Historia Natural Niparajá, which coordinates the Buzos Monitores program.

Additional information

Communicated by Angus Jackson.

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Appendices

Appendix 1

See Table 2.

Table 2 Demographic breakdown of 36 study participants of semi-structured interviews conducted in 4 communities in the Corredor region of Baja California Sur between La Paz and Loreto (Puerto Agua Verde, Ensenada de Cortez, San Evaristo, and Tembabiche) from July to August 2016
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Appendix 2

See Table 3.

Table 3 List of trainings, workshops, and monitoring activities that the Buzos Monitores participated in during the study period (2012–2017)
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Quintana, A., Basurto, X., Rodriguez Van Dyck, S. et al. Political making of more-than-fishers through their involvement in ecological monitoring of protected areas. Biodivers Conserv 29, 3899–3923 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-020-02055-w

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