biologia plantarum

International journal on Plant Life established by Bohumil Němec in 1959

Biologia plantarum 51:618-634, 2007 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-007-0134-5

Metal hyperaccumulation and bioremediation

K. Shah1,*, J. M. Nongkynrih2
1 Department of Zoology, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
2 Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India

The phytoremediation is an environment friendly, green technology that is cost effective and energetically inexpensive. Metal hyperaccumulator plants are used to remove metal from terrestrial as well as aquatic ecosystems. The technique makes use of the intrinsic capacity of plants to accumulate metal and transport them to shoots, ability to form phytochelatins in roots and sequester the metal ions. Harbouring the genes that are considered as signatures for the tolerance and hyperaccumulation from identified hyperaccumulator plant species into the transgenic plants provide a platform to develop the technology with the help of genetic engineering. This would result in transgenics that may have large biomass and fast growth a quality essential for removal of metal from soil quickly and in large quantities. Despite so much of a potential, the progress in the field of developing transgenic phytoremediator plant species is rather slow. This can be attributed to the lack of our understanding of complex interactions in the soil and indigenous mechanisms in the plants that allow metal translocation, accumulation and removal from a site. The review focuses on the work carried out in the field of metal phytoremediation from contaminated soil. The paper concludes with an assessment of the current status of technology development and its future prospects with emphasis on a combinatorial approach.

Keywords: chaperones; phytoextraction; phytofiltration; phytomining; phytostabilization; phytovolitization; transporter
Subjects: Alyssum betolonni; bioremediation; Brassica juncea; chaperones; deaminase; Haumaniastrum robertii; hyperaccumulation, metal; Ipomea alpine; metals; Phytolacca acinosa; Pteris vittata; Salsola kali; Thlaspi caerulescens; Thlaspi rotundifolium

Received: November 18, 2005; Accepted: May 19, 2006; Published: December 1, 2007  Show citation

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Shah, K., & Nongkynrih, J.M. (2007). Metal hyperaccumulation and bioremediation. Biologia plantarum, 51(4), 618-634. doi: 10.1007/s10535-007-0134-5
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