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Gut microbiome, body weight, and mammographic breast density in healthy postmenopausal women

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Abstract

Purpose

We examined gut microbiome (GM) profiles in relation to mammographic breast density (BD) and body mass index (BMI) in healthy postmenopausal women.

Methods

Eligible women were postmenopausal, had a BMI ≤ 35 kg/m2, and had not recently taken oral/IV antibiotics. All women provided a fecal sample and information on breast cancer risk factors. Mammographic BD was classified with the American College of Radiology’s BI-RADS BD classification system. Bacterial DNA was isolated from fecal samples and the V1–V2 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA were sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform. We examined associations of GM with indices of within-sample (alpha) diversity and the ratio of the two main phyla (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes; F/B ratio) with BD and BMI.

Results

Among 69 women with BD data, 39 had low BD (BI-RADS I/II) and 30 had high BD (BI-RADS III/IV). BMI was inversely associated with BD (mean BMI = 23.8 and 28.0 in women with high and low BD, respectively, p = 1.07 × 10–5). Similar levels of GM diversity were found across weight groups according to Shannon (p = 0.83); Inverse Simpson (p = 0.97); and Chao1 (p = 0.31) indices. F/B ratio and microbiota diversity were suggestively greater in women with high vs. low BD (p = 0.35, 0.14, 0.15, and 0.17 for F/B ratio, Shannon, Inverse Simpson and Chao1, respectively).

Conclusion

Suggestive differences observed in women with high and low BD with respect to GM alpha diversity and prevalence of specific GM taxa need to be confirmed in larger studies.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Florida Academic Cancer Center Alliance and UF Health Cancer Center Bridge Funding. We would like to thank participants of this study for providing the data and samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Lusine Yaghjyan, Volker Mai & Shannan N. Rich

  2. Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Volker Mai, Maria Ukhanova & Maximiliano Tagliamonte

  3. H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA

    Xuefeng Wang, Yessica C. Martinez & Kathleen M. Egan

  4. Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA

    Kathleen M. Egan

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  1. Lusine Yaghjyan
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  2. Volker Mai
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  3. Xuefeng Wang
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  4. Maria Ukhanova
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  5. Maximiliano Tagliamonte
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  7. Shannan N. Rich
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  8. Kathleen M. Egan
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Correspondence to Kathleen M. Egan.

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Research involving human participants and/or animals

This study was approved by the Moffitt Cancer Center and UF Institutional Review Boards (UF: IRB 201500572 and IRB 201600709; Moffitt Cancer Center SRC 18419). The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

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Yaghjyan, L., Mai, V., Wang, X. et al. Gut microbiome, body weight, and mammographic breast density in healthy postmenopausal women. Cancer Causes Control 32, 681–692 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-021-01420-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-021-01420-6

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