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Starch-based biocomposite membrane reinforced by orange bagasse cellulose nanofibers extracted from ionic liquid treatment

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Abstract

Agricultural crop residues are known to be a renewable source of value-added products, and their application as a bio-based production chain type in the circular bioeconomy system is considered efficient in minimizing environmental problems. Value-added products, such as cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from lignocellulose in agriculture residues, have been widely applied in the production of membranes that have desirable physicochemical characteristics. In this work, orange bagasse residue was used to obtain cellulose nanofiber and then applied to starch membranes as a mechanical reinforcement. The 1-methylimidazolium ionic liquid was used as biomass treatment for cellulose nanofiber isolation, and then two starch membranes were prepared with 5% (v/v) of cellulose nanofiber solution at 70 °C and 90 °C by the casting method. The cellulose nanofibers and membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction. Thickness and tensile tests were applied to the membranes. Cellulose nanofibers less than 100 nm in diameter were obtained by the 1-methylimidazolium treatment, and the characterization analyses showed that the CNFs were incorporated into the membranes, which improved their mechanical resistance and thermal degradation capacity. However, membrane 1, which was prepared at 70 °C, showed a particularly significant gain in tensile strength.

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Acknowledgments

DBM and MLHM thank the funding of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa e à Inovação Tecnológica do Estado de Sergipe (Fapitec-SE) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for their financial support and Ph.D fellowship. LPC thanks CNPQ for the financial support of the PQ scholarship, process 311461/2017-4.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil

    Diego B. Menezes & Maria L. Hernández-Macedo

  2. Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul – PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil

    Fernando M. Diz

  3. Institute of Technology and Research, Tiradentes University, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil

    Luiz F. Romanholo Ferreira & Maria L. Hernández-Macedo

  4. National High Tech Center, Lanotec, 10221001021, Pavas, San José, Costa Rica

    Yendry Corrales & José R. V. Baudrit

  5. Graduate Program in Science and Technology for Amazon Resources, Institute of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Amazonas, Itacoatiara, AM, 69103-128, Brazil

    Luiz P. Costa

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  1. Diego B. Menezes
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Menezes, D.B., Diz, F.M., Romanholo Ferreira, L.F. et al. Starch-based biocomposite membrane reinforced by orange bagasse cellulose nanofibers extracted from ionic liquid treatment. Cellulose 28, 4137–4149 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-03814-w

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