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Biocontrol of bacterial spot on tomato by foliar spray and growth medium application of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma asperellum

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Abstract

To date, few studies have focused on the combined use of two biocontrol agents to manage bacterial spot on tomato. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of the combined and individual use of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma asperellum on the nutrient contents of tomato plants and bacterial spot on tomato caused by Xanthomonas perforans. Tomato plants were treated with the foliar spray and growth medium application of B. amyloliquefaciens or T. asperellum or both. Plants treated with sterile water served as the uninoculated control, and a copper standard consisting of cupric hydroxide plus an ethylene bisdithiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicide was also included. The application methods used for B. amyloliquefaciens and T. asperellum significantly influenced the P, K, and Mg contents in tomato plants. All biocontrol treatments significantly reduced the final disease severity of bacterial spot on tomato by 25.6–56.0% and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) by 33.9–57.2% compared with the untreated control. The application of either B. amyloliquefaciens or T. asperellum via growth medium produced statistically equivalent results in reducing the final disease severity compared with the standard, but the other biocontrol treatments were significantly better than the standard. Similarly, the application of either B. amyloliquefaciens or T. asperellum via growth medium produced statistically equivalent results in lowering the AUDPC compared with the standard. However, the other biocontrol treatments significantly reduced the AUDPC by 39.7–44.8% compared with the standard. In summary, both the combined use and individual application of B. amyloliquefaciens and T. asperellum via foliar spray or growth medium application or both have the potential to control bacterial spot on tomato.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan

    Yi-Chun Chien & Cheng-Hua Huang

  2. Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan

    Cheng-Hua Huang

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  1. Yi-Chun Chien
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Correspondence to Cheng-Hua Huang.

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Chien, YC., Huang, CH. Biocontrol of bacterial spot on tomato by foliar spray and growth medium application of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma asperellum. Eur J Plant Pathol 156, 995–1003 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-01947-5

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