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Characterization of genes Rpp2, Rpp4, and Rpp5 for resistance to soybean rust

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Abstract

Asian rust, caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is the most severe disease currently threatening soybean crops in Brazil. The development of resistant cultivars is a top priority. Genetic characterization of resistance genes is important for estimating the improvement when these genes are introduced into soybean plants and for planning breeding strategies against this disease. Here, we infected an F2 population of 140 plants derived from a cross between ‘An-76’, a line carrying two resistance genes (Rpp2 and Rpp4), and ‘Kinoshita’, a cultivar carrying Rpp5, with a Brazilian rust population. We scored six characters of rust resistance (lesion color [LC], frequency of lesions having uredinia [%LU], number of uredinia per lesion [NoU], frequency of open uredinia [%OU], sporulation level [SL], and incubation period [IP]) to identify the genetic contributions of the three genes to these characters. Furthermore, we selected genotypes carrying these three loci in homozygosis by marker-assisted selection and evaluated their genetic effect in comparison with their ancestors, An-76, PI230970, PI459025, Kinoshita and BRS184. All three genes contributed to the phenotypes of these characters in F2 population and when pyramided, they significantly contributed to increase the resistance in comparison to their ancestors. Rpp2, previously reported as being defeated by the same rust population, showed a large contribution to resistance, and its resistance allele seemed to be recessive. Rpp5 had the largest contribution among the three genes, especially to SL and NoU. Only Rpp5 showed a significant contribution to LC. No QTLs for IP were detected in the regions of the three genes. We consider that these genes could contribute differently to resistance to soybean rust, and that genetic background plays an important role in Rpp2 activity. All three loci together worked additively to increase resistance when they were pyramided in a single genotype indicating that the pyramiding strategy is one good breeding strategy to increase soybean rust resistance.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Ms. Akiko Takahashi and Ms. Tomomi Mori, JIRCAS, for their assistance in this work. This study was supported by a JIRCAS international project, “Identification of Stable Resistance to Soybean Rust for South America.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 1-1, Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan

    Noelle Giacomini Lemos, Kazuhiro Suenaga & Naoki Yamanaka

  2. State University of Maringa, Colombo Avenue 5790, Maringa, PR, 87020-900, Brazil

    Noelle Giacomini Lemos & Alessandro de Lucca e Braccini

  3. Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, National Soybean Research Center (Embrapa Soja), Caixa Postal 231, Londrina, PR, 86001-970, Brazil

    Ricardo Vilela Abdelnoor & Maria Cristina Neves de Oliveira

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  1. Noelle Giacomini Lemos
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  2. Alessandro de Lucca e Braccini
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  3. Ricardo Vilela Abdelnoor
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  4. Maria Cristina Neves de Oliveira
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  5. Kazuhiro Suenaga
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  6. Naoki Yamanaka
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Correspondence to Naoki Yamanaka.

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Lemos, N.G., de Lucca e Braccini, A., Abdelnoor, R.V. et al. Characterization of genes Rpp2, Rpp4, and Rpp5 for resistance to soybean rust. Euphytica 182, 53–64 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-011-0465-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-011-0465-3

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